Definitions
This is a protein made by an organism that speeds up chemical reactions
Enzyme
How do enzymes do their job?
They do their job by creating a lock and key mechanism at their active site, where the substrate binds. This creates a reaction where a product is released.
What is denaturation?
The unfolding of the structure of a protein
The spot on the enzyme where a molecule binds
Active site
How are enzymes regulated?
Through enzyme inhibition
What is the energy needed to start a reaction called
Activation energy
Can any substrate interact with any enzyme?
Enzymes can only react with specific substrates that fit perfectly into its active site
What can denaturation be caused by?
Temperature, salt, and pH
What part do substrates play in the enzyme process
They are the reactant
Does the rate of energy as well as the amount of energy change during an enzyme reaction?
Only the rate of energy changes
What does it mean to catalyze a reaction?
To speed up the reaction
What mechanism is used for the substrate to bind?
Lock & key mechanism
What can change the pH of an intact protein?
Hydrochloric acid
What type of molecule is an enzyme?
A protein
Why do we want to be able to regulate enzymes?
It saves energy of resources, as well as prevents a build up of product
The molecule that binds into the active site is called
The substrate
What is the enzyme known as after the binding is complete?
Enzyme-substrate complex
What happens if an enzyme can no longer bind a substrate?
The enzyme cannot catalyze a reaction
What to we end with after an enzyme reaction?
The product
Why do we need enzymes?
To maintain homeostasis
What can be a substrate?
Anything! It is not limited.
What do substrates need enzymes to do?
Lower the activation energy
What is enzyme inhibition?
Through competitive or non-competitive inhibitors, enzyme inhibition prevents a substrate from being able to bind, resulting in the reaction not taking place
What is it called when the enzyme changes shape after the substrate binds to the active site?
Induced fit
What is the difference between a competitive inhibitor and a non-competitive inhibitor
The competitive inhibitor blocks the active site, while the non-competitive inhibitor binds to the allosteric site