Structure & Function
Activation Energy
Inhibitors
Metabolism
Reaction Rate
100
What is the function of an enzyme?
An enzyme is a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction by decreasing the activation energy of that reaction.
100
What do enzymes do to activate energy?
Enzymes lower the activation energy needed to undergo the reaction.
100
A molecule binds directly to the active sight of an enzyme preventing the substrate from attaching to the active site, what is this molecule called?
A competitive inhibitor
100
During every energy transfer or transformation, some energy is?
Unusable and frequently lost as heat
100
What can affect the rates of enzyme activity?
Substance concentration, Ph and temperature
200
What happens to enzymes in non-optimal conditions?
They denature.
200
Every chemical reaction between molecules involves?
Bond breaking and bond forming.
200
A molecule binds to an enzyme, preventing the active site from binding with the substrate, what is this called?
Non-competitive inhibitor
200
Metabolism is the___?
totality of an organism's chemical reactions
200
General effects of High Temperature on reaction rate?
enzyme activity will increase but not infinitely thus increasing the reaction rate of energy.
300
Which letter represents a catalyzed reaction?
B
300
What is the the initial energy needed to start a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
300
Inhibitors ___ the reaction rate.
Lower
300
The 2 kinds of Metabolic pathways are?
Catabolic and Anabolic Pathways
300
What happens to the reaction rate if the enzyme went outside its optimum ph?
Will result with the Enzyme denaturing which would lower reaction rate
400
Why is Ptyalin (digestive enzyme) able to break down starches, but not proteins?
Enzymes are specific to their substrate.
400
What does C represent?
An uncatalyzed reaction
400
When an inhibitor is used on an enzyme the active site _____ and the substrate ____ to the enzyme.
Changes; can't bind
400
Examples of Catabolic Pathways?
Cellular respiration: Breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen
400
What happens to the reaction rate if there is a competitive inhibitor?
Reaction rate will decrease
500
If a mutation occurs in the DNA of an enzyme, what will most likely happen to the enzyme?
The enzyme's shape will change, making it incompatible with the substrate. The enzyme will not function.
500
How do enzymes lower activation energy?
Enzymes binds tightly to one or more molecules and holds them together so they don't expend energy colliding.
500
____ prevents the substrate from binding to the active site by changing its shape.
Non-competitive inhibitor
500
Examples of Anabolic Pathways?
Photosynthesis, taking carbon dioxide and building glucose
500
As the number of enzymes increase, the rate of reaction eventually?
Levels off