Types of Law
What term describes a crime that is a minor infraction involving cases less than $15,000. Usually small claims cases and civil cases.
What are misdemeanors?
Who is the head of the Judicial Branch and what is the goal or power of the Judicial Branch?
The head of the Judicial Branch is the Supreme Court and the power is to interpre the laws.
What amendment talks about the powers reserved for state governments?
the 10th amendment.
Why are federal judges appointed for life?
To maintain the independence of the judiciary and the separation of powers. Free from political influence.
What is the only court mentioned in the U.S. Constitution?
The Supreme Court
What term describes new laws cannot apply to people operating before the new law was passed.
Ex post facto.
Who appoints Supreme Court justices and who approves the appointment?
The President appoints the Supreme Court Justices and the Senate confirms the appointments.
What is the Supreme Law of the Land?
The U.S. Constitution
What do the Florida Constitution and the U.S. Constitution have in common? What statements will you see in both, or what parts?
Both have a preamble that starts with We the people, articles, and amendments.
How does an appellate court differ froma trial court?
An appellate court reviews another courts decision.
What law is based on customs, traditions, and prior court decisions (precedent) on similar cases?
What is common law or case law?
What type of jurisdiction does the U.S. Supreme Court have in cases involving foreign representatives or states as parties?
Original jurisdiction
Powers that are reserved for the state government are called reserved powers. Give 3 examples of a reserved power.
Conduct elections, marriage, divorces, birth and death announcements, and establish public schools.
What is guranteed by the Supremacy Clause?
That the Federal government is SUPREME over the state government.
What term is a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure the person's release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention?
What is habeas corpus.
Jack lives in Miami, FL. He has a contract dispute with a hotel owner in Tampa FL for less than $15,000. In which court should Jack seek help from?
A Florida County Court
What article in the U.S Constitution established the Supreme Court?
Article 3
Powers that are held for the federal government are known as enumerated or expressed powers. Give 3 examples of expressed or enumerated powers.
Coin money, declare war, maintain a national army, navy, air force.
What document does the Florida Declaration of Rights most closely resemble?
The Bill of Rights
What types of laws are meant to protect citizens?
Civil Laws
What law concerns the prosecution and punishment of individuals for crimes and help deter future crimes from happening?
Criminal law
List the 4 courts at the State level from the lowest to the highest level.
County courts, circuit courts, district court of appeals, state Supreme Court
What are the requirements to be a state governor?
Must be 35 years old, a resident of the state they are wanting to represent, and must be a U.S. citizen for at least 7 years.
What are state laws known as?
Statutes
Concurrent powers are powers that both the federal and state governments share.Give 3 examples.
Collect taxes, establish courts, enforce laws, and borrow money