Civil War & Reconstruction
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
Battle of Fort Sumter
Labor union growth caused by:
poor working conditions/low wages
Main reason for Spanish-American War?
American business interests in Cuba
Why are the 20s often considered a turning point for women?
women were granted the right to vote, wore less restrictive clothing, and enjoyed increased employment opportunities
The harsh peace settlement of World War I, particularly the Treaty of Versailles, created conditions that fueled the rise of extremist ideologies and ultimately led to World War II.
What was the main reason for fighting in Florida during the Civil War?
The union army wanted to prevent cattle and crops from reaching Confederate troops
What/who does the term "Robber Baron" refer to?
derogatory term used in the late 19th century to describe powerful industrialists and business leaders who amassed immense wealth through what were considered ruthless or unethical business practices, often involving monopolies and manipulation
What was the goal of Dollar Diplomacy?
to use a country's financial power to extend its international influence.
What was the effect of the dust bowl on the economy?
agricultural losses, widespread migration, and exacerbated the Great Depression, with farmers losing land and livelihoods, and increased competition for jobs in areas that already faced economic hardship
Who passed the Emancipation Proclamation?
Abraham Lincoln
What was the Chinese Exclusion Act?
an attempt to address labor competition by limiting the immigration of chinese workers
What territories did the US gain in the Spanish-American War?
Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam
How did FDR's approach to the Great Depression differ from Hoover's?
Hoover withheld federal relief because of the belief it would weaken individualism but FDR believed relief was needed to bring the country back to baseline
What was the US initial response to the Holocaust?
They refused to adjust the National Immigration Quota Act to allow more refugees from Germany, maintaining isolationism, and disbelief at the violence
The Kansas-Nebraska Act concerned which issue?
The expansion of slavery into new territories
What were the "pull" factors that brought immigrants to the US?
* Must name 3 factors
- freedom & democracy
- social mobility
- religious freedom
- land ownership
- job opportunities
The Zimmerman Note & unrestricted submarine warfare
Which New Deal agency helped businesses draw up their own voluntary codes of fair practice, including the standard prices and minimum wages, but was later held to be unconstitutional by the Supreme Court?
National Recovery Administration (NRA)
What was life like on the American Homefront during WW2?
Life on the American Homefront during WWII involved widespread rationing of goods, Victory Gardens for food production, scrap drives, and a shift in roles for women and minorities as they filled wartime jobs, while Americans also supported the war effort through war bonds.
What was Sherman's March to the Sea?
Union military campaign during the American Civil War, led by General William Tecumseh Sherman, that involved a destructive march through Georgia from Atlanta to Savannah in late 1864, aimed at crippling the Confederate war effort.
The Jungle by Upton Sinclair led to:
moving Congress for the first time to regulate food production. (ex:meat inspection)
What are the M.A.I.N. factors that lead to the outbreak of WW1?
M = Militarism
A= Alliances
I= Imperialism
N= Nationalism
What was the goal of the Washington Naval Conference, the Geneva Disarmament, and the Kellogg-Braid Pact?
to achieve lasting peace without the League of Nations
Why did the US decide to use nuclear bombs in Japan?
to force Japan's unconditional surrender and end World War II, aiming to avoid a costly invasion of the Japanese home islands and potentially save American lives.