Cell Process
What is concentration?
amount of substance in a defined space
Explain Prophase
the first stage of mitosis during which the nuclear envelope dissolves and chromosomes and spindle fibers form
What is a host cell?
the cell that a virus attaches to, infects, and uses to make more of itself
What is a double helix?
the shape of DNA that looks like a twisted ladder
Define Gradient
gradual change in the amount of a substance
Explain Metaphase
the second stage of mitosis during which chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell as they become attached to the spindle fibers
What are antibodies?
molecule that the immune system produces to help destroy pathogens like viruses that infect the body
What is anucleotide?
the repeating component of nucleic acids made of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base
Define synthesis
to make from smaller parts
Explain Anaphase
the third stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are pulled to the poles of the cell by the spindle fibers
What is viral attachment?
Occurs when the shape-specific proteins projecting from a virus attach to host cell proteins; this attachment allows the virus to enter a cell.
What is a nitrogenous base?
molecules that include nitrogen and pair with each other to form the rungs of the DNA ladder
What is an organelle?
specialized structure inside a cell that has a specific function
Explain Telophase
the final stage of mitosis during which nuclei re-form in each of the daughter cells
What is the immune system?
This system protects the body from pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria. Its immune cells destroy invading viruses and bacteria.
What is deoxyribose sugar?
a molecule that is a component of the backbone of DNA
Define facilitated
helped or made easier
Explain Cytokinesis
division of cytoplasm at the end of mitosis
What is lytic?
A type of viral infection that has a very rapid onset of symptoms; this is because this type of virus enters a host cell and immediately begins to replicate.
Define complementary.
describes how nitrogenous bases pair, that is with a specific molecule that completes the ladder’s rungs