Energy and Heat
Motion and Gravity
Electricity and Magnetism
Kinetic Theory and Solutions
Miscellaneous
100
The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors
What is potential energy?
100
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
What is Newton's 1st Law of Motion?
100
Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, while electric generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
What is the difference between generators and motors?
100
A substance in a solid phase is relatively rigid, has a definite volume and shape. The atoms or molecules that comprise a solid are packed close together and are not compressible. Because all solids have some thermal energy, its atoms do vibrate. However, this movement is very small and very rapid, and cannot be observed under ordinary conditions. Liquids have a definite volume, but are able to change their shape by flowing. Liquids are similar to solids in that the particles touch. However the particles are able to move around. Since particles are able to touch, the densities of liquid will be close to that of a solid. Since the liquid molecules can move, they will take the shape of their container. Gases have no definite volume or shape. If unconstrained gases will spread out indefinitely. If confined they will take the shape of their container. This is because gas particle have enough energy to overcome attractive forces. Each of the particles are well separated resulting in a very low density.
What are the shape, volume, and particle motion of solids, liquids, and gases?
100
What are two examples of an energy transformation with at least two different types of energy?
Heat energy to electric energy, and sound to electrical energy.
200
Energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion.
What is kinetic energy?
200
The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
What is Newton's 2nd Law of Motion?
200
A magnet that runs on electricity. Changing the amount of electric current that flows through it.
What is an electromagnet and how do you increase the strength of the electromagnet?
200
What happens to particle motion if there is an increase in temperature?
When you increase the temperature of an object, the particles gain kinetic energy, ergo they move faster.
200
Mass is a measurement of how much matter is in an object; weight is a measurement of how hard gravity is pulling on that object.
What is the difference between mass and weight?
300
The fundamental principle of physics that the total energy of an isolated system is constant despite internal changes.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
300
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is Newton's 3rd Law of Motion?
300
A magnet that retains its magnetic properties in the absence of an inducing field or current.
What is a permanent magnet?
300
The liquid in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution.
What is the definition of a solvent?
300
Kilogram. (Kg)
What is the standard unit for mass in the metric system?
400
The transfer of heat between two parts of a stationary system, caused by a temperature difference between the parts.
What is conduction?
400
The tendency to resist changes in their state of motion.
What is inertia?
400
A circuit having its parts connected serially.
What is a series circuit?
400
The minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent.
What is the definition of a solute?
400
Newtons.
What is the standard unit for weight in the metric system?
500
The transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas.
What is convection?
500
9.8 m/s/s
What is the rate that the Earth's gravity pulls on all objects?
500
A closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit.
What is a parallel circuit?
500
What are at least 3 different ways you an increase the rate of dissolving?
Crushing particles of solute, increasing surface area, and increase temperature.
500
How do you calculate an object's weight?
You multiply the object's mass by the amount of gravity acting upon it.
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