Matter
What does conservation of matter mean?
Matter is not created or destroyed in a closed system.
Use evidence to explain the difference between weather and climate.
Weather is short-term; climate is long-term patterns.
How do the circulatory and respiratory systems work together?
The circulatory system carries oxygen from the lungs to body cells.
What is an inherited trait?
A characteristic passed from parents to offspring.
How can friction be helpful and harmful?
It provides grip but can slow motion.
Predict what might happen if a predator disappears.
Prey populations may increase too much.
Are oceans freshwater or saltwater?
Saltwater
Why does a balloon expand when filled with air?
Gas takes up space and pushes outward.
What measures wind speed?
Anemometer
Explain how muscles and bones work together.
Muscles pull on bones to create movement.
What is an acquired trait?
A characteristic gained during an organism's lifetime.
What happens when balanced forces act on an object?
There is no change in motion.
How do decomposers help ecosystems stay balanced?
They recycle nutrients back into the environment.
Can plants make their own food?
Yes, thats why they are called producers because they MAKE their own food, they dont eat food.
How does heating affect molecules?
They move faster.
Wind vanes tell the weather is moving to or from?
From!
Why is the nervous system important for survival?
It controls body responses and communication.
How is eye color different from riding a bike?
Eye color is inherited; riding a bike is learned.
Why do smooth surfaces reduce resistance?
They create less friction.
What effect could an invasive species have?
It may outcompete native organisms.
Can a producer be an animal?
No
What evidence shows a chemical change occurred?
A new substance forms, often with gas, odor, or temperature change.
How can ocean currents affect climate?
They move heat and influence temperatures.
Describe how three body systems work together when you run.
Respiratory, circulatory, and muscular systems work together.
Why do offspring often resemble their parents?
They inherit traits from their parents. (similar DNA)
How does mass affect acceleration when force stays the same?
More mass causes less acceleration. (slower)
Explain how energy moves through a food web.
Energy moves from producers to consumers and decreases along the way.
What is a consumer?
An organism that eats other organisms.
How can you distinguish a physical change from a chemical change?
Chemical changes form new substances; physical changes do not.
Why are coastal temperatures often milder?
Water heats and cools more slowly than land.
Predict what could happen if one major body system failed. Give an example.
Other systems may be affected and the body may not function properly.
Explain why a scar is not considered an inherited trait.
It develops during life and is not passed from parents.
Explain two ways to increase an object's motion.
Increase force or reduce friction.
Why is biodiversity important?
It helps ecosystems remain stable and resilient. (balanced)
Which is more complex: a food chain or a food web?
A food web
A student dissolves sugar in water. Is this a physical or chemical change? Explain.
Physical change because no new substance forms.
Why does North Carolina experience different weather throughout the year?
Changes in sunlight and seasonal patterns.
Why might a person feel tired if their circulatory system is not working efficiently?
Less oxygen reaches body cells.
A puppy has floppy ears like both parents. What evidence suggests this is an inherited trait?
The trait appears in the parents and offspring.
A soccer ball rolls farther on turf than on gravel. Why?
Less friction acts on the ball.
A disease wipes out most of the rabbits in an ecosystem. Predict what might happen to foxes.
Fox populations may decrease because there is less food.
Are freckles inherited or acquired?
Inherited
How can you tell matter is conserved during a chemical reaction?
The total mass remains the same.
A coastal city and an inland city have the same latitude. Why might their temperatures differ?
Ocean water moderates temperatures.
A body system fails to remove waste. Predict how this could affect other systems.
Waste would build up and interfere with normal body functions.
Why are instincts important for survival?
They help organisms respond without being taught.
Predict how doubling a force affects motion.
The object accelerates more.
Explain how a drought can affect producers, consumers, and decomposers.
Producers may die, consumers lose food, and decomposers process dead matter.
Which system breaks down food?
Digestive system.
Why do molecules move faster when heated?
Thermal energy increases molecular motion. (expansion happens)
How can scientists determine climate patterns?
By studying weather data over many years.
Which body system would be most directly affected if the brain could no longer send messages?
The muscular system would be directly affected.
How is migration different from learning a trick?
Migration is instinctive; tricks are learned behaviors.
Why does a heavier object require more force to move?
Greater mass resists changes in motion.
Why are producers important to every food web?
They provide the original source of energy.
What is the deepest and most biodiverse aquatic biome?
Marine/ Ocean
A balloon shrinks when placed in a freezer. Explain why.
Gas particles slow down and take up less space. (contract)
Explain how ocean currents can influence weather far from the ocean.
They transport heat and affect air temperatures.
Which system carries oxygen through the body?
Circulatory system/ Cardiovascular
Explain why two siblings can look different even though they have the same parents.
They inherit different combinations of traits.
A skateboarder moves downhill. Which forces affect motion?
Gravity, friction, and air resistance.
A new predator enters an ecosystem. Predict two possible effects.
Prey may decrease and food web relationships may change. (competition)
What is an estuary?
Nursery to young organisms, brackish water, at the mouth of the river
Compare a physical change and a chemical change using real-world examples.
Physical: melting ice, tearing paper, same substance. Chemical: rusting metal, cooking, new substance.
How does Earth's tilt create seasons?
Different areas receive different amounts of sunlight.
Name the levels of organization from smallest to largest and then largest to smallest.
cells-tissues-organs-organ systems- organisms
organisms- organ systems- organs- tissues- cells
A bird is raised by humans and never sees other birds. It still builds a nest. What does this suggest about nest building?
It is an instinctive behavior.
Explain why balanced forces do not cause acceleration.
The net force is zero.
Use evidence to explain why biodiversity helps ecosystems survive disturbances.
More species create stability and alternative food sources.
What is a group of interdependent organisms called??
Community