Dyspnea
Constipation
Delirium
Pain
Fatigue
100
What is prevalence of dyspnea at end of life?
64-96% for end stage heart and lung disease; 20-60% for all cancer patients
100
What is the definition of constipation?
decreased passage of formed stool; may be accompanied by N/V/abd pain
100
What is the prevalence of delirium at end of life?
20-30% cancer; 44% terminal cancer; 83% in final days
100
What is the definition of pain?
unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
100
What is the definition of fatigue?
subjective impairment-physical, cognitive, & affective functioning
200
What is the definition of dyspnea?
a subjective feeling, unpleasant awareness of breathing; may be accompanied by fear, panic, or chest tightness
200
What is prevalence of constipation at end of life?
50% advanced cancer; 63% elderly in hospital; 95% of opiod users
200
What is the definition of delirium?
acute confusional state
200
What is the prevalence of pain at EOL?
35-96% -cancer; 34-70% COPD
200
What is the prevalence of fatigue?
84% cancer tx; 50% 1st year after cancer tx
300
What is the assessment for dyspnea?
PQRST; Exam; dyspnea assessment tool
300
what is treatment of constipation at EOL?
stool softener; laxative; Mg Citrate; enema; lifestyle
300
What is the assessment for delirium?
cognitive impairment tools; mini-mental; psychomotor-clock drawing
300
What are the causes of pain?
consequence of tissue injury; types:nociceptive (somatic, visceral); neuropathic
300
What are the causes of fatigue?
high cytokine load; r/t underlying disease (anemia, etc)
400
What are the causes of dyspnea
physiologic and biopsychosocial
400
How is constipation assessed?
CAS constip. assessment scale
400
What is the treatment for delirium
haldoperidol; lorazepam
400
How do you assess for pain at EOL?
0-10 scale; non-verbal, proxy; disease specific
400
What can be done to assess for fatigue?
VAS 0-10; fatigue inventory; exam, history, labs; cancer-related fatigue
500
What is the treatment for dyspnea?
disease specific-neb, diuretic; O2; morphine; lorazepam; non-med and complementary tx
500
What are the causes of constipation?
lifestyle; disease; drug-induced
500
What is the cause of delirium?
sepsis; metabolic; meds; brain mets; hypoxia; dehydration
500
What are the treatments for pain?
pharm-NSAIDS, opiods (route?); non-pharm
500
What are treatments for fatigue?
tx underlying causes; non-pharm-nutrition, exercise; pharm-amantadine
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