Epidemiological Models
Which epidemiological model describes the interaction between agent, host, and environment?
What is the Epidemiology Triangle?
What is the predisposed, innate resistance you have to an infectious agent?
What is Natural Immunity?
During Emma's clinical, she accidentally pokes herself with a used needle. She immediately goes to get tested. What transmission is Emma scared of?
What is Vehicular Transmission?
There are 1,000 residents in Broome. In 2023, there were 500 cases of the flu. What is the prevalence rate of the flu in 2023? (K=1,000)
What is 500 cases per 1,000 people
(500/1,000) x 1,000
A susceptible human or animal who harbors and nourishes a disease causing agent.
What is a Host?
Which epidemiological model illustrates how an infective agent enters a susceptible host?
What is the Chain of Infection?
What is the immunity achieved in a population based on how many people in said population have resistance to an infectious agent?
What is Herd Immunity?
Chloe takes a scenic walk in the Nature Preserve and is bitten by a tick! Chloe gets Lyme disease. What type of transmission is this?
What is Vector Transmission?
There are 5,000 residents of Broome. In 2022, 500 people were diagnosed with asthma. In 2023, 1,000 more people were diagnosed. What is the prevalence of asthma in 2023? (K=1,000)
300 cases per 1,000 people
(500+1,000)/5,000 x 1,000
A factor that causes or contributes to a health problem or condition.
What is an Agent?
According to the Stages of Disease (Natural History of Disease), what prevention would be used in prepathogenesis?
What is Primary Prevention?
What kind of immunity are vaccinations?
What is Active Immunity
Eric sneezes a few inches away from Jonathan's face. These particles end up giving Jonathan a cold. What kind of transmission is this?
What is Droplet Transmission?
There are 1,000 residents of Broome. Of them, there are 450 women and 550 men. In 2023, there were 45 cases of ovarian cancer. What is the incidence rate of ovarian cancer in 2023? (K=10,000)
What is 1,000 cases per 10,000 people?
(45/450) x 10,000
A medical science that delves into the factors that determine the presence or absence of disease within groups of people, and how that knowledge is used to prevent and control disease.
What is epidemiology?
What is the main purpose of the Web of Causation?
What is to show how multifactorial disease can be/how the causative factors can be interrelated?
Define Cross Immunity.
What is having resistance to one infective agent that results in resistance to a different infective agent.
Allie walks into a hospital room previously inhabited by someone with whooping cough. She breathes in this room and develops whooping cough. What type of transmission is this?
What is airborne transmission?
There are 1,000 residents in Broome. In 2021, there were 60 cases of the flu. In 2022, there were 20 cases of the flu. In 2023, there were 30 cases of the flu. What is the incidence rate in 2023? (K= 10,000)
What is 300 cases per 10,000 people?
(30/1,000) x 10,000
How a pathogen is passed from one host to another.
What is the Mode of Transmission?
What are the components of the Wheel Model of Causation? (Hint: there's four!)
What is the genetic core, the biological environment, the social environment, and the psychological environment?
What is the difference between active and passive immunity? (How do you develop the immunity?)
What is: in active, the antigen is injected for the host to develop long-term, specific antibodies, but in passive, the antibody is injected for a short-term solution.
What is Vertical Transmission? Name one example!
What is when a parent passes a disease to their child via sperm, placenta, milk, or contact in the vaginal canal at birth?
What are HIV, syphilis, Hep B, Herpes, Zika, or CMV?
Broome has a population of 1,750 people. Of those people, 250 get diagnosed for COVID-19 in 2023.
Oswego has a population of 3,250 people. Of those people, 475 get diagnosed for COVID-19 in 2023.
Which county has a higher incidence rate for COVID-19 in 2023? (K= 1,000)
What is Oswego county?
Broome= (250/1,750)x1,000= 142.9 cases per 1,000
Oswego= (475/3,250)x1,000= 146.2 cases per 1,000
The number of new cases in a susceptible population over a specific time period.
What is Incidence?