Transmitting Diseases
Refers to how an infectious agent, also called a pathogen, can be transferred from one person, object, or animal, to another.
What is Modes of Transmission?
A field of science that studies health problems within populations.
What is Epidemiology?
Objects or materials which are likely to carry infection, such as clothes, utensils, and furniture.
What is Fomite?
A set of standard criteria for classifying whether a person has a particular disease, syndrome, or other health condition.
What is Case?
The path by which a pathogen leaves its host
What is Portal of Exit?
An infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread.
What is Direct transmission?
Science that quantifies the association between exposures and outcomes and to test hypotheses about causal relationships.
What is Analytic Epidemiology?
Living organisms that can transmit infectious pathogens between humans, or from animals to humans.
What is Vector?
Cases directly exposed to the outbreak source.
What is Primary Case?
The manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host.
What is Portal of Entry?
Bacteria or viruses that are most commonly transmittedthrough small respiratory droplets.
What is Airborne Transmission?
Epidemiological studies and activities with descriptive components that are much stronger than their analytic components.
What is Descriptive Epidemiology?
An infected individual who can transmit the disease to others.
What is Active Carrier?
A person who gets a disease from exposure to a person with the disease
What is Secondary Case?
A set of interventions designed to optimize functioning in individuals with health conditions in interaction with their environment.
What is Rehabilitation?
Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas.
What is Vector-borne transmission?
The traditional model for infectious disease, consisting of an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together.
What is the Epidemiology Triangle?
Results from transmission from one person to another. Usually, transmission is by direct person-to-person contact, as with syphilis.
What is a Propagated Outbreak?
A case that is classified as suspected for reporting purposes.
What is Suspect Case?
Individuals who have recovered from their illness but remain capable of transmitting to others.
What is Convalescent Carrier?
Occurs when the vector uptakes the agent, usually through a blood meal from an infected animal, replicates and/or develops it, and then regurgitates the pathogen
What is Biological transmission?
The pattern of a common-source outbreak followed by secondary person-to-person spread.
What is Mixed Epidemic?
Outbreak in which a group of people are all exposed to an infectious agent or a toxin from the same source.
What is Common-source?
The first documented case of an infectious disease or genetically transmitted condition or mutation in a population/region.
What is Index Case?
An infectious disease that has jumped from a non-human animal to humans.
What is Zoonosis?