Monitoring
It is where I document the epidural surveillance
The epidural surveillance sheet
I am the most common indication for an epidural
What is post-operative pain
This classic sign indicate that the patient has a CSF leak
What is Postural Headache
I am the space where the epidural catheter is placed
What the epidural space
This local anesthetic reaches its peak effect within 20 minutes after an epidural bolus
What it Ropivacaine
I am the scale to monitor motor block related to local anesthetics in the epidural space
What is the Bromage scale
I am the number of days after which an epidural should be removed
What is 3-5 days
This serious complication can occur when an epidural is removed or inserted when a patient's INR is elevated, platelets are low or anticoagulants are not used properly
what is Epidural Hematoma
These levels are created by a single spinal nerve group
I am the opioid most often used in epidurals
Fentanyl
I am the reason why skin integrity needs to be monitored for lumbar epidurals
decrease sensation and possible motor block
I am an intervention when a sympatetic blockade (vasodilatation) is required after microvascular surgery
What an Epidural
12 hours must pass if this anticoagulant has been given for postoperative thromboprophylaxis before removing an epidural
What is enoxaparin (0.5mg/kg/dose, max 30mg daily)
This space receives 10 times less opioids then the epidural space when directly administered
What is subarachnoid or intrathecal space
This hydrophilic opioid has a duration of up to 24 hours when administered in the epidural or intrathecal space
What is Morphine
This is how you perform an ice test
demonstrate
I am a serious painful medical emergency in orthopedic surgery and traumatology. Without treatment, it can lead to permanent muscle damage. I I require particular attention when the patient is on an epidural
What is Acute Compartment Syndrome
I am the signs of LAST, local anesthetic systemic toxicity
Numbness around mouth - Metallic taste - Feeling light-headedness - Visual disturbances - Muscle twitching - confusion - Seizure - Cardiac arythmia Seizures - Cardiac arrest
Show how deep in CM is the epidural inserted
demonstrate
What is one benifit of the PIEB VS CEI
greater spread in the epidural space
Possibly less motor block
Possibly less local anesthetics requirements
An epidural placed below this level and lower increase the risk of urinary retention
What is T8
I am one benefits of epidural analgesia
Continuous analgesia
Effective analgesia (pain elimination VS control)
This is a major cause of patient injury and death when an epidural is used
What is Human error
I am the 2 other segments of the epidural space, where most epidurals are placed; cervical, caudal, ____, ____
What is; lumbar and thoracic
True or false, a patient with epidural local anesthetics only are at risk of opioid induced respiratory depression
False
True if opoids are taken outside the epidural