Don't Stress
How many types of stress does the crust experience?
What is 3?
Vibrations in the ground that result from movement along faults, or breaks in Earth’s lithosphere.
What is an earthquake?
Pangea means this in Greek.
What is "All Earth"?
A weak spot in Earth's curst where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface.
What is a volcano?
A break in Earth's lithosphere.
What is a fault?
The Earth has this many main layers.
What is three?
California experiences these frequently.
What is earthquakes?
This type of stress squeezes rock until it folds or breaks.
What is compression?
The device that measures and records ground motion and helps determine the distance seismic waves travel.
What is a seismograph or seismometer?
What are convection currents.
A volcano that is not currently erupting or active, but may become active and erupt in the future.
What is dormant?
How many types of faults are there?
What is 3?
The layers of the mantle.
What are the lithosphere, asthenosphere, and lower mantle?
A molten mixture of rock forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle, BEFORE it gets to the surface.
What is magma?
A change in the shape of a rock caused by stress.
What is strain?
The waves that carry energy of an earthquake away from the focus.
What are seismic waves?
Wegner's hypothesis of continental drift was rejected. Why?
What is he could not provide a satisfactory explanation for the push and pull of the continents.
Geologists classify volcanic eruptions one of two ways.
What is quiet and explosive?
This type of fault forms when forces pull rocks apart along a divergent plate boundary; block of rock above fault moves down.
What is a normal fault?
Convection currents flow in this layer.
What is the mantle?
The major belt of volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean.
What is the Ring of Fire?
This type of strain does not cause a permanent change in a rock; when the stress is removed, the rock goes back to its original shape.
What is elastic strain?
What is a transform boundary?
Wegner used these three pieces of evidence for continental drift.
What are land features, fossils, and climate change?
An eruption that hurls out ash, cinders, and magma bombs.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
This type of fault occurs when two blocks of rock slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions.
What is a strike-slip fault?
The continental crust is comprised mostly of this rock, while the oceanic crust is comprised mostly of this.
What are granite and basalt?
An area where material from deep within the mantle rises then melts, forming magma; a volcano can form above this when magma erupts through the crust.
What is a hot spot?
Name two landforms that are created by tension.
What are mid-ocean ridges and continental rifts?
The difference in arrival time of the first p-wave and the first s-wave.
What is lag time?
Hess used these three pieces of evidence for seafloor spreading.
What are pillow-shaped rocks, magnetic stripes, and drilling samples?
Name the 5 parts of a volcano.
What is the crater, lava flows, pipe, vent, and magma chamber.
Name the three types of faults.
What is normal, reverse, and strike-slip?
This layer is responsible for Earth's magnetic field.
What is the outer core?
This type of strain creates a permanent change in the shape of a rock; usually occurs when rocks are weak or hot.
What is plastic strain?