Define
A small group or quantity of a larger population that is intended to represent the larger population as a whole.
What is a sample
The variable in an experiment that is controlled and manipulated, we know the values.
what is the Independent variable
Some of the key features of “Science” are system empiricism, empirical questions, public knowledge, and scientific claims must be falsifiable
what is science
Experimental studies are used when testing a hypothesis with controlled variables and testing the effectiveness of a treatment or program in different settings. An example would be sleep tests
what are experimental studies
Simple random sample is a subset of a statistical population in which each member of the subset has an equal probability of being chosen. Ex. picking a random name out of a hat.
What is a simple random Sample
The dependent variable is what the independent variable is impacting and what is being measured in the experiment. For example, if you’re doing an experiment of how the amount of time spent studying affects performance on tests, the independent variable would be the amount of time that each student gets to study and the dependent variable would be the outcome of the test score of each student.
what is the Dependent variable
In pseudoscience, it means the connection or beliefs that may relate to science or is commonly mistaken as being based on the scientific method. Comparing this to the features of science, the features are public knowledge and claims that are truly related to the empirical method. An example is that vaccines cause autism, when in reality that is not proven in any way and people are trying to get behind not giving their kids vaccines.
what is Pseudoscience
A quasi-experimental design is a research method when the sample is taken in groups, rather than taking random samples. Comparing this to a normal sampling method, it can be used in instances where random sampling is not plausible. However due to the lack of randomization, there is room for confounding variables that could influence the results. An example of this would be a doctor looking at a new drug and its affects. Rather than randomizing who gets the drug and who doesn’t, in a quasi-experimental, the doctor would split up the population by 70% receiving the drug and 30% doesn’t.
Quasi-experimental design studies
The action of when one variable causes another thing to happen. The three requirements for causation are covariation, time-order relation, and eliminating alternative explanations.
what is Causation
The confounding variable is an underlying factor that could be driving the results of an experiment. For example, the amount of time studying can affect test scores, but a confounding variable could be that the student has prior knowledge on the subject or the teaching quality of the subject being tested.
what is the Cofounding variable
Surveys are a way of collecting data/ gathering information from many different sources or opinions. We can compare this to a poll so for example when we vote everyone gets the same question but each person will have their own view and opinion.
what are surveys
A large group of people or objects.
what is a Population
Instead of randomly selecting people from the population, the population is divided into groups based on shared characteristics and each group is surveyed individually, then the results are combined and analyzed. For example, a group of people were in a room you could divide them by their hair color
stratified random sample
A mutual relationship and or connection between two or more variables. An example of this can be the correlation between height and weight. Usually, the taller you are, the more you weigh, making a correlation between height and weight.
what is Correlation