Gas Variables
The letter variable we use for pressure is?
P
Name of the law that is written as:
P1V1 = P2V2
Boyle's Law
The rate of appearance when a product is being formed is a _________ value?
positive
When does a reversible reaction end?
When it reaches equilibrium
What does the equilibrium constant (Keq) tell us?
How much reactant vs. product is produced at equilibrium
The letter variable we used for moles is?
n
Name of the law that is written as:
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
Combined Gas Law
The rate of disappearance of a reactant being used up is a __________ value?
negative
What is equal at equilibrium?
The forward change (or reaction) rate = the reverse change (or reaction) rate
What does it mean when we say the "reactants are favored?"
More reactants are produced at equilibrium
The letter variable we used for the gas constant is ?
R
This is the unit of temperature used in all the gas laws.
Kelvin
The formula used to calculate the rate of reaction is:
final - initial concentration / ?
final - initial time (in seconds)
According to LeChatelier's Principle, what three variables shift equilibrium?
Concentration, pressure, and temperature
What does it mean when we say the "products are favored?"
More products are produced at equilibrium
What does "STP" stand for ?
standard temperature and pressure
Which moves faster - lighter gas molecules or heavier gas molecules according to Graham's Law?
Lighter gas molecules
What is kinetics?
Study of the rates of a chemical reaction (how fast or how slow)
When an equilibrium shifts left, it shifts toward what side?
Reactant side
In the formula for the Equilibrium Constant (Keq), we set up a mole ratio. Describe what we are comparing.
Amount (concentration) of Products / Amount (concentration) of Reactants
What does "atm" stand for ?
atmospheres
What does effuse mean?
When a gas moves through a small opening or hole.
How long do chemical reactions last?
Seconds, minutes, hours...it varies.
Equilibrium affects more homogeneous reactions than heterogeneous reactions. What's a homogeneous reaction?
The reactants and the products are all the same state of matter (such as they are all gasses).
What does this symbol mean [ ] when used in the Equilibrium Constant formula?
Concentration (of reactants or products)