Terms
This debunked pseudoscience claims a person’s skull shape determines their intelligence and moral character
Phrenology
This framework shifts the "problem" of disability from the individual's body to analyzing societal and environmental barriers
Critical Disability Theory
This legal principle, meaning "land belonging to no one," was used to justify seizing Indigenous lands in Australia by viewing the inhabitants as "subhuman"
Terra Nullius
This metric is used to track the progress of a target audience as they move from a state of unawareness toward awareness and action
the Change Continuum
This theory suggests that humans don't just have a "self," but also a "group self," which can lead to "Us vs. Them" mentalities
Social Identity Theory
Workers experience this when they feel disconnected from the products of their labor, their own human potential, and one another
Alienation
This lens argues that racism is a systemic feature deeply embedded within legal codes and institutions rather than just individual prejudice
Critical Race Theory
Enacted in 1876, this piece of legislation enabled the Canadian government to control multiple aspects of Indigenous life, including status, resources, and legal standing
Indian Act
This viral 2014 campaign raised $220 million and increased online conversations about its cause by six times over the previous year
the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge
This phenomenon explains why individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present
the Bystander Effect
Coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw, this term explains how social identities like race, class, and gender overlap to create unique, compounding experiences of discrimination
Intersectionality
This theory studies the ongoing cultural, economic, and political legacies of European imperialism and conquest
Postcolonial Theory
This 1990 conflict in Quebec was triggered by plans to expand a golf course onto sacred Mohawk land containing burial grounds
The Oka Crisis
According to the "Tree Metaphor," this part of the tree represents tracing an issue back to its historical beginnings, policies, and laws
Roots
This level of the "Four I's" involves the systematic mistreatment of a group through laws, hiring policies, and schools
Institutional Oppression
Defined as an "active verb," this involves leveraging personal power and privilege to empower marginalized voices
Allyship
This analytical framework actively examines and challenges unequal power dynamics and systemic barriers embedded within society
Anti-Oppression Theory
This legal and religious principle claimed that Christian European nations had the right to claim lands inhabited by non-Christian peoples
the Doctrine of Discovery
To be truly "effective" a social action should target the real problem at its foundation rather than just addressing these
symptoms
This occurs when members of a marginalized group accept and believe the negative stereotypes and messages about their own identity group
Internalized Oppression
This perspective suggests that all cultures should be judged by their own standards rather than being compared to others.
What is Cultural Ralativism
Proponents of this theory reject the idea of a universal "truth" and argue that human nature is socially constructed, local, and contextual
Postmodernism
This systematic way of determining Indigenous status is based on the amount of "Indian blood" an individual possesses
Blood Quantum
This group of Indigenous youth sent a message to the U.S. President to reject the Keystone XL pipeline to protect their treaty rights
the Lakota youth
This bias refers to the unconscious tendency to explain someone's behavior using internal characteristics rather than situational factors
Fundamental Attribution Error