Environmental
Also called the New Stone Age, this era saw the invention of agriculture and the domestication of animals.
What is the Neolithic Era/ Neolithic Revolution
They were originally pastoral nomads that belonged to the Indo-European group. They eventually invaded the Indian subcontinent and brought the ideas that would shape Hinduism with them.
Who were the Aryans.
The term used to describe a male-dominated society in which many public roles (including rulers, merchants, priests, and farmers) were carried out by men.
What is patriarchal society.
In this legislative code, Babylonian rulers relied upon "lex talionis" (law of retaliation) and social standing; upper classes were favored with punishments for breaking the law that were less harsh than those for lower classes.
What is the Hammurabi Code.
Among other Chinese luxury goods, this product was traded over long distances, lending its name to the overland trade route in which it was carried.
What is silk.
The area located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern Iraq and site of the world's first cities.
What is Mesopotamia
This group developed the world's first monotheistic religion.
Who were the Hebrews (Jews)
In this era were women and men considered nearly equal because of the status of both genders as providers (hunters and gatherers)
What is the Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)
The Chinese emperors used this idea as a justification for their rule. Essentially, they believed that the gods conferred upon them the blessing of authority, but they could take that blessing away as well.
What is the Mandate of Heaven.
This metal was first used in Mesopotamia and replaced stone tools and weapons between 4000 and 3000 BCE.
What is bronze.
Many speculate that this ancient Indian civilization disappeared due to its river's shifting course or changing environmental conditions.
What is the Indus Valley/ Harappa Civilization
This is the world's earliest-known written language, developed by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia.
What is cuneiform.
This social hierarchy became a main component of the religion of Hinduism. Every person was assigned to a varna (social class) originally based on skin color, later on occupation.
What is the Caste System.
At its height (8th and 7th centuries BCE), this empire conquered much of what is now Mesopotamia (Syria, Palestine, most of Turkey and Egypt). They were known for their ability to terrorize conquered people.
What is the Assyrian Empire.
Silk was a heavily controlled trade good in China. The Chinese government sought to control all aspects of the production and sale of this textile, a process known in modern economics as this.
What is monopoly.
This river valley in northern Africa supported large populations and boasted some of the world's largest stone structures.
What is the Nile River Valley
The primary text of Hinduism, it is a collection of hymns, songs, prayers, and rituals honoring various Aryan gods.
What is the Vedas.
In the Paleolithic Era, people were organized into small kinship groups based on family connections called this.
What is a clan.
The dynasty in China that followed the collapse of the Shang Dynasty. They ruled over a decentralized, feudal state in the northern Huang He River Valley.
What is the Zhou Dynasty.
According to this philosophy, Chinese merchants were viewed as the lowest group in society because of their selfish pursuit of money.
What is Confucianism.
This group migrated out of the Sahara's southern edge (the Sahel) and to the southeast coast. They brought extensive agricultural knowledge, a spoken language, and iron weapons with them.
Who are the Bantu
This village in modern-day Israel is considered one of the world's first Neolithic settlements.
What is Jericho.
According to the Hindu caste system, an individual's occupation determined their subcaste, or this.
What is jati.
Following the fall of the Zhou Dynasty, this era of political division inspired three philosophical traditions in China: Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism.
What is the Period of Warring States.
This group of Mediterranean merchants developed a simplified alphabet of 22 symbols to facilitate trade with many different language groups.
Who were the Phoenicians.