Anatomy vs Physiology
Define Anatomy
The branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts
The levels of organization in the human body
atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the human organism
Functions and organs involved in the Respiratory system.
function: Breathing
Organs included: Lungs, Trachea
Metabolism
The chemical reactions in the body's cells that change food into energy
Explain where the axial and appendicular sections of the body are.
Axial: along the spine including skull, vertebral column, ribs etc. Main "axis" of body
Appendicular: The appendages of the body. Shoulders, arms, pelvis, legs etc. Not directly connected to the spine.
Define Physiology
the way in which a living organism or bodily part functions.
The characteristics for life. (7 listed)
- cellular organization
- ability to reproduce
- growth and development
- energy use
- homeostasis
- response to environment
- ability to adapt
System made up of these organs:
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines
and accessory organs: liver, gallbladder, abdomen, appendix
Digestive system
Anabolic and Catabolic reactions and the difference between them
Anabolic - uses up energy. Builds bigger molecules from smaller ones
Catabolic - releases energy. Breaks down large molecules into smaller ones.
Cats dont use energy because they are lazy. Cat-abolic.
Organs located in the left lower quadrant (LLQ)
Colon
Left ovary and fallopian tube*
Left ureter*
Anatomy - structures of body parts
Physiology - functions of body parts
The 3 planes of the body
- Coronal (frontal) front and back
- Sagittal (longitudinal) left and right
- Transverse (axial) top and bottom
System involved in hormone production.
Major organs include a number of glands throughout the body including: thyroid, pituitary, adrenal glands
What is the endocrine system?
Homeostasis and its importance
self-regulating processes which biological systems use to maintain stability. Important because organisms are constantly working with or against their environment.
For example, the body shivers when it gets cold to generate energy and heat.
Organs located in the left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Stomach
Spleen (wtf is a spleen)
Left lobe of liver
Pancreas
Left kidney and adrenal gland*
Splenic fixture of colon
body parts such as muscles, heart, brain, bladder, and kidneys
What is Anatomy?
Observe
Question
Research
Hypothesize
Experiment
Test Hypothesis
Draw Conclusions
Report
The purpose and major organs involved in the nervous/sensory system.
Purpose: communication between and coordination of all the body systems.
Involves: Brain, nerves
Negative vs Positive Feedback (give an example)
Negative: counteract changes. It's cold outside -> body shivers to generate heat.
Positive: amplify changes. Labor contractions start to push a baby out. The hormone released stimulates more contractions. Contractions become more frequent and baby is born.
Organs located in the upper right quadrant (URQ)
Liver
Gallbladder
Duodenum
Right kidney and adrenal gland*
studying the electrical activity of cells in the heart that control its beat
What is Physiology?
Elements of a good hypothesis.
- Not in the form of a question
- Should be testable (right or wrong)
- Specific and precise
- Specifies variables between which the relationship is going to be established
The main organs involved in the cardiovascular system
- Heart
- Arteries
- Veins
- Blood
Anatomical Position (and why it's used)
scientifically agreed upon reference position of the body for anatomical terms. Important because its standardized and all medical people refer to positions this way.
Standing upright, facing forward with each arm hanging on either side of body, palms facing forward. Parallel legs with feet flat on the floor and facing forward. Basically the league T-pose but with less T.
Organs located in the right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Cecum (wtf is a cecum)
Appendix
Ascending colon
Right ovary and fallopian tube*
Right ureter*