trust vs mistrust
This is the age range typically associated with the Trust vs. Mistrust stage.
What is infancy (birth to 18 months)?
In Erikson's theory, this is the age range associated with the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage.
What is toddlerhood (18 months to 3 years)?
This is the age range typically associated with the Initiative vs. Guilt stage.
What is early childhood (around 3 to 6 years)?
In Erikson's theory, this is the age range associated with the Industry vs. Inferiority stage.
What is middle childhood (around 6 to 12 years)?
This is the age range typically associated with the Identity vs. Role Confusion stage.
What is adolescence (around 12 to 18 years)?
Erikson proposed that successful resolution of this stage leads to the development of this psychological quality.
What is basic trust?
Define autonomy as it relates to this stage.
What is the ability to independently make choices and take actions?
Define initiative as it relates to this stage.
What is the ability to plan and execute activities, taking initiative in exploring the environment and pursuing goals?
Define industry as it relates to this stage.
What is the ability to master skills and complete tasks, demonstrating competence and productivity?
Define identity as it relates to this stage.
What is the sense of self, including one's values, beliefs, goals, and aspirations, as well as their understanding of their roles and place in society?
Give an example of a caregiver behavior that fosters trust in an infant during this stage.
What is consistently meeting the infant's needs for food, comfort, and security?
Provide an example of a situation where a toddler might develop a sense of autonomy.
What is a toddler being allowed to choose their own clothes or toys, or being encouraged to feed themselves?
Give an example of a scenario where a child might demonstrate initiative.
What is a child organizing a game or activity with friends, or taking on a project without direct instruction from adults?
Provide an example of a situation where a child might develop a sense of industry.
What is a child completing a challenging school project or participating in a team sport, experiencing a sense of accomplishment and pride in their abilities?
Give an example of a situation where an adolescent might explore their identity.
What is an adolescent experimenting with different interests, hobbies, clothing styles, or social groups to discover their personal preferences and values?
Identify a potential consequence of unsuccessful resolution of the Trust vs. Mistrust stage in later life.
What is difficulty forming intimate relationships or feeling a sense of security in adulthood?
Explain how parents can support the development of autonomy in their toddlers.
How can parents encourage toddlers to make choices and take on tasks appropriate to their abilities, while providing support and encouragement without being overly controlling?
How can parents and caregivers encourage the development of initiative in children during this stage?
How can parents and caregivers provide opportunities for children to make choices and take on responsibilities, while praising and encouraging their efforts?
How can teachers and educators support the development of industry in school-age children?
How can teachers and educators provide opportunities for students to engage in hands-on learning experiences, set achievable goals, and receive constructive feedback to foster a sense of competence and mastery?
How can parents and mentors support adolescents in successfully navigating the Identity vs. Role Confusion stage?
How can parents and mentors provide a supportive and accepting environment for adolescents to explore and express their identity, offering guidance, encouragement, and opportunities for self-discovery?
Describe a scenario where a child might develop mistrust during this stage. correct responses
What is inconsistent caregiving or neglect during infancy, leading the child to doubt the reliability of caregivers?
What is difficulty in asserting oneself, making decisions, or feeling confident in one's abilities, leading to a sense of inadequacy or dependence in adulthood?
What is the potential development of a pervasive sense of inadequacy or self-doubt, leading to difficulty in pursuing goals or taking risks in adulthood?
What is the potential development of low self-esteem, feelings of inadequacy, or difficulty in pursuing goals or tasks due to a lack of confidence in one's abilities in adulthood?
Discuss a potential consequence of unresolved identity issues from this stage. correct response
What is the potential development of identity confusion, difficulty in forming meaningful relationships, or a lack of direction and purpose in adulthood?