Lesson 1
The basic units of matter, the smallest units that maintain the chemical properties of an element are called
What are atoms
This is the sphere of the Earth that humans are apart of
What is the biosphere?
The change in state in which water changes from gas to liquid is called
What is condensation?
This type of organism includes plants and algae who make their own food
What are producers?
This is the thinnest layer of the geosphere
What is the crust?
The central core of an atom, containing protons and neutrons is called
What is the nucleus
This sphere of the Earth contains all the layers of gas that surround our planet
What is atmosphere?
This type of natural disaster occurs along transform plate boundaries
What are Earthquakes?
Nutrients circulate endlessly throughout the environment in complex cycles called
What are the biogeochemical cycles
If a solution has a pH of 13, scientists would call this solution _______
What is basic OR What is a base OR What is alkaline?
This substance is called a universal solvent due to the fact that it can dissolve many other molecules
What is water
This sphere of the Earth is made of all the rock above and below the Earth's surface
What is the geosphere?
In this type of plate boundary, tectonic plates move apart from one another
What are divergent plate boundaries?
Name three of the four main nutrients that cycle through the Earth's spheres
What are carbon (C), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P)?
This supercontinent existed 225 million years ago
What is Pangea?
This scale is used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution
What is pH?
In this type of feedback loop, the environment is pushed to the extreme (away from stability)
What is positive OR What is positive feedback loops?
In this phase change, water enters the atmosphere by releasing itself as water vapor from the leaves of plants
What is transpiration OR What is evapotranspiration?
During this process, nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia
What is nitrogen fixation?
Freshwater that is held underground in aquifers
What is groundwater?
This type of macromolecule is a polymer that consists of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What are carbohydrates?
Predator prey relationships are an example of this type of feedback loop
What is negative OR What is a negative feedback loop?
These two landforms are created at convergent plate boundaries
What are volcanoes and mountains?
In this process, the addition of phosphorus to bodies of water will cause the overgrowth of algae
What is eutrophication?
This principle states that matter is not created or destroyed but simply transformed
What is the law of conservation of matter?