Rivers & Lakes
Wetlands
Coasts
Oceans
Miscellaneous
100
Which area of a river is has less dissolved oxygen; has plankton on surface; plants rooted in mud; and catfish and carp?
A. littoral zone
B. headwaters
C. downstream
D. benthic zone
C. downstream
100
_____________ are low, flat lands filled with still water and nonwoody plants that poke above the surface of the water.
_____________ are flat lands near streams with slow-moving water and water-loving woody shrubs or trees.
marshes, swamps
100
_____________ shores contain more plants and animals than ________________ shores because there are more places for seaweed and mussels to anchor themselves
rocky, sandy
100
_____________________ is a measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquid
salinity
100
How would you classify the mussels living on a deep-sea ocean vent?
A. plankton
B. benthos
C. nekton
B. benthos
200
Name two sources of pollution in rivers.
sewage, pesticide runoff, garbage disposal
200
Which type of marsh would you expect to find on the coast?
A. brackish
B. salt
C. eutrophic
D. benthic
B. salt
200
A ______________ _____________ is a long ridge of sand or narrow island that lies parallel to the shore and helps protect the mainland.
barrier island
200
_____________________ are all organisms that swim actively in open water, independent of currents.
Nekton
200
Does the following show an arctic or Antarctic food web?
Antarctic
300
________________________ is the increase in nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem, natural or accelerated by fertilizers, sewage, or animal wastes.
Eutrophication
300
Name two types of bird beaks found in marshes. What are the advantages of each?
duck-bill - for scooping up critters and digging in muddy water for grubs
heron-beak - for snatching fish and frogs quickly
300
Name the three types of coastal wetlands.
*BONUS: What type of coastal wetland is NYC?
estuaries, salt marshes, mangrove swamps
*estuary
300
Name three threats to coral reefs.
- drastic changes in temperature
- changes in salinity
- muddy water
- too many nutrients
- damage to coral (divers, boats, storms)
- pollution (sewage, garbage, oil spills)
- overfishing
300
What aquatic ecosystem is shown in purple on the map?
coral reefs
400
In what lake zone would you expect to find water lilies, bullfrogs, and minnows?
littoral zone
400
Name three functions of wetlands.
- trap and filter nutrients and pollutants
- prevent flooding
- protect coastlines from erosion
- habitat to endangered species
- spawning ground for fish and shellfish
- space for recreation
400
Why are estuaries important for humans?
- provide access to rivers
- protected harbors
- places for fish to spawn
400
What are three factors in the open ocean that determines what organisms live where?
temperature, sunlight, amount of nutrients, currents, water depth, salinity
400
What organism lives in a symbiotic relationship with coral?
algae
500
Describe the five steps of human-caused eutrophication in a river or lake.
increase in nutrients (fertilizer runoff)
plants and algae grow
bacteria feed on decaying matter
bacteria multiply and use up oxygen
aquatic organisms die
500
What wetlands are located in Florida and are home to alligators, panthers, sawgrass, and mangroves?
the Everglades
500
What are two threats to coastal ecosystems?
- pollution (oil spills, runoff from sewage, garbage, fertilizers, and pesticides)
- construction
- erosion and damage from storms
- overfishing
500
Where are most marine organisms found?
shallow, coastal waters
500
__________________ are animal-like plankton, while __________________ are plant-like plankton that can photosynthesize.
zooplankton, phytoplankton