Mineral Properties
This mineral is found in both rhyolite and andesite.
A) Pyroxene
B) Quartz
C) Biotite
D) Potassium Feldspar
B) Quartz
This rock forms when lava cools quickly at Earth's surface.
Igneous
This process turns magma into igneous rock.
Cooling and Solidification
Most rock gypsum is formed by this process.
What is chemical precipitation from seawater?
The mineral with a hardness of 2.5 and cleaves into thin sheets.
What is muscovite mica?
This mineral can scratch dolomite but is scratched by olivine.
A) Galena
B) Quartz
C) Potassium Feldspar
D) Muscovite Mica
C) Potassium Feldspar
This type of rock often forms from compaction and cementation of sediments.
Sedimentary
The process by which sediment becomes sedimentary rock.
What are compaction and cementation?
This common sedimentary rock forms from the accumulation of shell fragments.
What is limestone?
This mineral can be identified on the ESRT by its red-brown streak and metallic luster.
What is hematite?
Which mineral is commonly used as an abrasive?
A) Halite
B) Sulfur
C) Garnet
D) Graphite
C) Garnet
Rocks that form under intense heat and pressure without melting are called this.
Metamorphic
This change in temperature and pressure transforms limestone into marble.
What is metamorphism?
What would cause larger crystals on an igneous rock? Rapid or slow cooling?
Slow Cooling
The igneous rock with visible crystals and composed mainly of quartz and feldspar.
What is granite?
Why does halite break into cubic shapes?
A) It cooled quickly
B) Stream erosion shaped it
C) Internal atomic arrangement
D) The surface it grew on
C) Internal atomic arrangement
A foliated texture is most often found in this rock type.
Metamorphic
The physical breakdown of rock at Earth's surface is called this.
What is weathering?
A rock with gas pockets, like scoria, is formed during this type of volcanic activity.
What is explosive or rapid cooling of lava?
This metamorphic rock forms from the regional metamorphism of limestone.
What is marble?
Of the Earth's more than 2,000 identified minerals, only a small number are commonly
found in rocks. This fact indicates that most
A) minerals weather before they can be identified
B) minerals have properties that are difficult to identify
C) rocks have a number of minerals in common
D) exposed surface rocks are igneous
C) rocks have a number of minerals in common
This rock has layering due to compaction.
Sedimentary