Ocean & Currents
What causes surface currents?
Global winds, Earth's rotation, and land masses
What role does the sun play in the water cycle?
It powers evaporation.
What causes earthquakes and volcanoes to occur at plate boundaries?
Transform and Convergent
What causes hurricanes to form over warm oceans?
Thermal energy creates low pressure
This underground rock layer stores and moves water.
Aquifer
What is salinity?
The amount of salt in water
Why doesn’t all precipitation become runoff?
Some soaks into the ground or evaporates.
What landform can form when magma reaches the surface?
A volcanic mountain or island
A rain cloud is called a _________.
Nimbus Cloud
This type of tide occurs during new and full moons and creates the most extreme tidal ranges.
Spring Tide
What direction do ocean currents move in the Northern Hemisphere?
Clockwise
What happens during condensation?
Water vapor cools and turns into droplets.
How do fossils help us learn about Earth’s past?
They show what organisms and environments existed.
How do clouds form?
Water vapour rises and condenses.
This is the term for the amount of salt dissolved in water.
Salinity
What causes deep ocean currents?
Differences in water temperature and salinity
What cycle stage includes water flowing downhill?
Runoff
How can you tell if a rock layer is older than another one?
It's usually found deeper underground. Law of superposition.
What type of weather is created with a cold front?
Cooler temperatures, rain or snow.
This process breaks down rocks into smaller pieces without moving them
Weathering
What’s the difference between a surface current and a deep ocean current?
Surface = wind-driven; Deep = density-driven
The process of water vapor from plants returning to the air
What is transpiration?
What happens when plates move apart under the ocean?
New ocean crust forms at mid-ocean ridges
Kind of weather you have with a high pressure air mass.
What is cold and dry?
These tides occur during the first and last quarter moon and show the smallest tidal range.
Neap Tide