Unit 5
In which of the following climates will you find thick soil containing iron and aluminum minerals that do not easily dissolve?
a. temperate dry climates c. tropical climates
b. desert climates d. arctic climates
c. tropical climates
Since the last glacial period, sea level has been
a. stationary. b. rising about 1 cm/yr.
c. falling about 1 mm/yr. d. rising about 1 mm/yr.
d. rising about 1 mm/yr.
In which of the following climates will you find thick soil containing iron and aluminum minerals that do not easily dissolve?
a. temperate dry climates b. desert climates
c. tropical climates d. arctic climates
c. tropical climates
Different colors are the result of
a. varying speeds different colors of light travel.
b. varying wavelengths of different colors of light.
c. varying temperatures of different colors of light.
d. breaking light in a prism.
b. varying wavelengths of different colors of light.
Our current calendar is most like that of the ancient
a. Egyptians.
b. Babylonians.
c. Aztecs.
d. Romans.
d. Romans.
Oxidation, hydrolysis, acid precipitation, and carbonation are examples of
a. mechanical weathering. c. erosion.
b. abrasion. d. chemical weathering
d. chemical weathering
What are the main factors that affect the water budget?
a. geological location, erosion, deposition, precipitation
b. temperature, vegetation, rainfall, wind
c. conservation, water management, desalination costs
d. income, expenses, outflow, water lost
b. temperature, vegetation, rainfall, wind
In the tropical latitudes, trade-wind belts push currents (what direction)
westward.
Which of the following planets has seasons like Earth’s because its axis tilts at an almost identical angle?
a. Mercury c. Pluto
b. Venus d. Mars
d. Mars
A rotating cloud of gas and dust from which Earth’s solar system formed is called a(n)
a. solar nebula. c. solar eclipse.
b. supernova. d. astronomical explosion.
a. solar nebula.
When overlaying rocks are removed from granite that was formed deep beneath Earth’s surface, pressure decreases, and the granite forms long curved cracks called
a. exfoliation. c. gullies.
b. joints. d. valleys.
b. joints.
Most sand grains are made of
a. dust. b. loess.
c. coral. d. quartz.
b. loess.
What seasonal wind blows toward the land in summer, bringing heavy rains, and blows away from the land in the winter, bringing dry weather?
a monsoon
Jupiter’s Great Red Spot and Neptune’s Great Dark Spot are both
a. vast canyons. c. frozen oceans.
b. raging storms. d. massive volcanoes
b. raging storms.
Where do astronomers think that most comets originate?
a. the Oort cloud c. an asteroid belt
b. the Kuiper belt d. outer space
a. the Oort cloud
A common type of mechanical weathering that occurs in cold climates and is strong enough to split even huge boulders is called
a. abrasion. c. exfoliation.
b. crackling. d. ice wedging
d. ice wedging
The Mariana Trench is best known for its
a. length. b. depth.
c. height. d. volcanic activity.
b. depth.
Dry, warm winds that flow down the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains are called
chinooks.
What can parallax be used to calculate?
a. the composition of stars based on the spectra of their starlight
b. the temperature on the surface of a star within 1,000 light-years of Earth
c. the distance to a star within 1,000 light-years of Earth
d. the distance to stars that are extremely far away
c. the distance to a star within 1,000 light-years of Earth
A main-sequence star generates energy through nuclear fusion as
a. hydrogen fuses into carbon in the core of the star.
b. helium fuses into iron in the core of the star.
c. hydrogen fuses into helium in the core of the star.
d. hydrogen is created in the core of the star.
c. hydrogen fuses into helium in the core of the star.
Which is a climate where you would expect to find thin soil consisting primarily of regolith with little evidence of humus?
arctic
The main gases dissolved in ocean water are
oxygen and nitrogen.
A system that uses reflected radio waves to determine the velocity and location of objects is called
a. radiosonde. b. radar.
c. a weather satellite d. a supercomputer.
b. radar.
One line of evidence of Earth’s revolution around the sun is
a. the Coriolis effect.
b. Foucault’s pendulum.
c. the varying positions of a constellation over a period of hours.
d. the varying positions of a constellation over a period of weeks
d. the varying positions of a constellation over a period of weeks
Astronomers determine the chemical elements and temperatures of stars by analyzing
a. starlight using spectrographs, devices that separate light into different colors.
b. the light that is absorbed by gases compared to a reference spectrum.
c. radio waves and the sources of those waves.
d. starlight using the H-R diagram, a graph of the luminosities and temperatures of stars.
a. starlight using spectrographs, devices that separate light into different colors.