Unit 1
What term is defined as the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from its starting point?
Displacement
What is the term for a force that is not canceled out by other forces?
An unbalanced force
A rower in a boat pushes the water backward using an oar.
What direction will the rower and the boat move?
Forward, because action-reaction forces are directed in opposite directions
According to Dalton, an atom is what?
Indivisible
It takes about 365 days for the Earth to do what?
Complete one full orbit around the Sun
What phrase is defined as distance over time for a given period?
Average speed
A push or a pull that occurs when an object interacts with another object or field
What's an example of a field force?
Electric force
What's the definition of density?
A measure of the amount of mass in a given amount of space
How does the average temperature of the inner and outer planets compare?
The outer planets are significantly colder than the inner planets.
Which fields of science did Galileo work in?
The motion of objects and astronomy
What do Newton’s laws of motion study?
How forces cause and affect motion
How does an object affect a field?
An electric field affects a charged object
How is density calculated?
By dividing mass by volume
List the planets in order by distance from the Sun, starting with the closest.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
In which fields of science did Newton work?
The motion of objects and gravitational force
If F1 has a magnitude of 7 N and F2 has a magnitude of 11 N, what is the net force acting on the box?
4 N backward
Object 1 carries a positive charge and is brought close to Object 2. Object 2 is attracted to Object 1.
What does that mean for object 2?
Object 2 carries a negative charge
What kind of property is boiling point?
A physical property
How many days does it take for the Moon to orbit the Earth?
27 days
A car moves north at 12 miles per hour. Is the given value speed or velocity, and why?
Velocity, because there is a specific direction
A scientist has developed a material that is so slippery that it has zero friction.
If a hockey puck is moving on a mat made from this material, what would happen to the puck's motion?
The puck will continue its motion in the same direction with the same velocity
How does energy from the Sun heat up an object?
When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy from the sunlight is absorbed by the object. This energy causes the particles of the object to move faster.
What is the name of a substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be made into a simpler substance?
Element
What has the strongest effect on the rise and fall of Earth’s ocean tides?
The gravitational force between the Moon and the Earth