Verb Tenses
Since Leslie (be) ________ a little child, she (love) ______ animals.
was (simple past for the beginning point)
has loved (present perfect, from the past until now)
I couldn't come to class last week because I (modal + take) ___________ my baby to the doctor.
had to take (past necessity = had to)
If I weren't so busy, I (go) ____________ to the movies with you.
would go (present hypothetical result)
(be) _________ a vegetarian is quite difficult in some countries.
Being
Choose ALL correct possibilities:
I can't decide _____ I should go to work today.
a. if b. that c. whether d. (nothing)
a. if
c. whether
(yes/no embedded question begins with if or whether)
When I (walk) ______ down the sidewalk yesterday, I (trip) ______ and (fall) _______.
was walking (past progressive for the action in progress at that time)
tripped, fell (simple past for the actions that interrupted the walking)
I have been reading about World War II. It (modal + be) __________ very difficult to live in Europe during that time!
must have been (assumption about the past)
I don't have much time to study for the exam. I wish I ______ more time!
had (present hypothetical)
My parents still live in the town ______ I grew up.
where
Put this in reported speech:
Mustafa asked me, "Will you help me?"
Mustafa asked me if I would help him.
(Reported speech: spoken verbs go one step back; change the pronouns)
Workers (fix) ________ the road in front of my house for the past week. They hope to be finished soon.
have been fixing (present perfect progressive for a continuing action from the past until now)
I had a lot of traffic coming to school today. I (modal verb + leave) ___________ the house earlier in order to avoid rush hour.
should have left (regret)
If I (no have) ___________ grammar class right now, I (be) ___________ at home.
didn't have, would be (present hypothetical)
Give ALL of the possible relative pronouns!
a. The person to ______ this package is addressed doesn't work here.
b. The person _______ this package is addressed to doesn't work here.
a. whom (only whom or which after a preposition)
b. who, whom, that (all good for a direct object person in an identifying adjective clause)
Put these sentences together with a noun clause:
It takes a lot of work to learn a language. I realize that.
I realize that it takes a lot of work to learn a language. (the noun clause is the direct object of realize.)
I really wanted a piece of cake at the party, but by the time I (get) ______ to the dessert table, someone (already, take) _______ the last piece.
got (simple past for a past point in time)
had already taken (past perfect for the action before the simple past)
I love your haircut and highlights! Where do you go to (do, it) _______________?
get it done OR have it done (passive causative; you cause it to be done)
I wish I (learn) _____________ English when I was a child.
had learned (past hypothetical)
I didn't remember (get) _________ cash before (go) __________ to the restaurant, so I didn't have enough money (pay) ___________ the bill. Now I am embarrassed (go) ___________ back there!
to get (remember + infinitive = you did the action)
going (preposition + gerund)
to pay (enough + infinitive; infinitive of purpose)
to go (adjective + infinitive)
Put these sentences together with a noun clause:
Did she want to come? I am wondering this.
I am wondering if she wanted to come. (yes/no questions begin with if or whether. Put the subject before the verb.)
John is running late. It's likely that by the time he (get) ______ to the BART station, his train (leave) ________.
gets (simple present in a future time clause)
will have left (future perfect for the action that is before a future point)
All cell phones (modal + put away) ___________ during the test.
must be put away (requirement, passive)
have to be put away (requirement, passive)
should be put away (expectation, passive)
The police said that the car accident was my fault. They said that I (no hit) ________ the other car if I (keep) _________ more distance in front of me.
wouldn't have hit
had kept
Put these sentences together by making the second sentence an adjective clause:
My new phone can take amazing pictures. I got my new phone last week.
My new phone, which I got last week, can take amazing pictures. (non-identifying adjective clause; this information is not being used to identify my new phone)
Write this sentence in reported speech:
Jeanie said, "Study hard, because I want you to do well on your final exam!"
Jeanie told us/urged us to study hard because she wanted us to do well on our final exam.
(Reported speech: use a reporting verb, move spoken verbs one step back, change pronouns)