DSM-4 System
Axis composed of clinical syndromes
Axis 1
An abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes
Panic Attack
Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experiences, at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive and unwanted, and that in most individuals cause marked distress or anxiety
Obsessions
Name one of the two necessary symptoms of a MDE.
1) Depressed mood
2) Loss of interest or pleasure
Define 'Positive Symptoms'
Symptoms which appear to reflect an excess or distortion of normal functions
Axis composed of personality disorders and intellectual disabilities
Axis II
Involves the presence of recurrent, unexpected panic attacks followed by at least 1 month of either persistent concern about additional panic attacks or a significant maladaptive change in behaviour
Panic Disorder
Repetitive behaviours or mental acts that the individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly
Compulsions
The length of time symptoms must persist for an MDE.
2 weeks
Define 'Negative Symptoms'
Axis composed of general medical conditions
Axis III
Involves excessive anxiety or worry (apprehensive expectation) about a number of events or activities, occurring more days than not for at least 6 months
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Term for when the individual recognizes that beliefs are definitely or probably not true
OCD with Good or Fair Insight
Name the difference between Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorder
Bipolar I disorder involves 1+ manic episodes. Bipolar II disorder involves 1+ hypomanic episode AND 1+ MDE.
Fred believes that the CIA has implanted a chip in his brain and is tracking him in order to collect evidence to arrest him. This is an example of a...
Persecutory Delusion
Axis composed of psychosocial/environmental problems
Axis IV
Involves fear of a particular object or situation
Specific Phobia
Name one way someone could experience a traumatic event
The period of time an individual with PDD cannot go without symptoms of a MDE.
2 months.
To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, an individual must demonstrate 1 of 3 symptoms. Name all three.
Delusions, Hallucinations, and Disorganized Thinking
Axis composed of a global assessment of functioning
Axis V
Anxiety about, or avoidance of, places or situations from which escape might be difficult or help might not be available in the event of having a panic attack
Agoraphobia
Name one of the groups of PTSD symptoms
Time difference between a manic episode and a hypomanic episode.
Manic episode is at least 1 week. Hypomanic episode is at least 4 days.
Janice has been "stuck" in a strange hunched position and doesn't appear to be moving. This is an example of which schizophrenia symptom?
Catatonic rigidity