Hormones
What is the definition of "endocrine"?
Chemical signal that acts on cells far away
What does DIRECT energy expenditure measure?
Heat
Select a champion and have them rock paper scissors other teams champion
Points to the winner
What does DOMS stand for?
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
What are the 3 primary components of the cardiovascular system?
Heart, arteries/veins, blood
What cell type releases glucagon AND from which endocrine gland?
Alpha cells of the pancreas
What is the RER for BOTH Carb and Fat metabolism?
Fat = 0.7
Carb = 1.0
What is the definition of lactate threshold?
lactate accumulation exceeds buffering (2 mmol in the blood)
What is the biggest immediate concern with rhabdomyolysis?
Kidney toxicity from all the muscle proteins/electrolytes
What do you call the quantity of blood remaining in the left ventricle after contraction?
ESV: End Systolic Volume
Draw AND explain 1 negative feedback loop
Many
What are the 4 most important physiological characteristics of a good endurance athlete?
1. High VO2max
2. High lactate threshold
3. High economy of effort
4. High percentage of type I muscle fibers
Give an example of an exercise that focuses on local muscle fatigue AND describe why it fatigues that muscle more than others. (No generic resistance exercises... bench press)
Many
What type of exercise is most likely to cause DOMS?
+ what is the physiological cause?
eccentric contractions..... muscle damage
VO2 = _____ x ____ x _______
HR x SV x a-vO2 difference
List ALL the hormones produced by the adrenal glands
Cortex: Aldosterone, cortisol, DHEA
Medulla: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
Calculate energy expenditure for a 200 lb athlete with a VO2 max of 50 ml/kg/min and exercising for 50 minutes at 70% of max.
4.55 L/min.... ~795 kcal
What is the #1 cause of fatigue for all athlete?
UNKOWN (multifactorial)
Describe the 3 phases of tissue healing.
Inflammation....
Proliferation...
Maturation/remodeling
Draw the pathway through the heart and label ALL anatomy.
Vena Cava... Right atrium.. Tricuspid valve... Right ventricle...Pulmonary artery... LUNGS... Pulmonary vein...Left atrium... Mitral valve... Left ventricle... Aorta