Rocks
What are the 3 main rock types?
Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic
How many total minerals have been discovered?
4000+
3
How many eons are there?
4
What is the name of ONE of the common minerals in Indiana?
calcite, dolomite, quartz, pyrite, fluorite, celestite
Which type of rock contains fossils?
Sedimentary
When multiple minerals come together, they form a __________.
rock
What is the type of rock landscape that makes Indiana prone to caves and sinkholes due to soluble rock?
Karst Topography
What was the "explosion of life" at the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon?
Cambrian Explosion
During with era were there giant insects, jawed fish, and dimetrodons?
Paleozoic
What is the name for an igneous rock that contains very little silica and is dark in color?
Mafic
The repeated pattern in the atoms that make up the structure is also known as this ___________ of a mineral.
crystal structure
Which era are most of the Indiana aquatic fossils from?
Paleozoic Era
Cretaceous
What is the half life of C-14?
5730 years
What is the name for a metamorphic rock that does not have stripes?
Non-foliated
What is the name of the scale that measures hardness?
Mohs Hardness Scale
What are 2 locations in Indiana where you can find good fossils?
Falls of the Ohio State Park
Richmond, IN
The earth changes in many ways. What is the term for sudden, violent, obvious changes to the earth such as volcanoes, asteroid impacts, and earthquakes?
Catastrophism
What is the most common type of rock in Indiana?
Sedimentary
What type of rock are each of the following? Marble, Sandstone, Conglomerate, Pumice, and Obsidian.
Marble = Metamorphic; Sandstone = Sedimentary; Conglomerate = Sedimentary; Pumice = Igneous; Obsidian = Igneous
What are the 5 requirements of something being a mineral?
Natural, Solid, Inorganic, Crystal structure, and same chemical composition throughout
Name 3 of the common fossils found in Indiana.
Brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, bivalves, corals
In carbon dating, what is the FULL name of the original atom (name and number) and the full name of what it decays into?
Carbon-14, Nitrogen-14
What are the 3 laws for reading rock layers?
1. Original Horizontality
2. Superposition
3. Crosscutting