Aerobic Metabolism
How much ATP is made from a single NADH+H+ that is sent to the ETC?
2.5 ATP
What is the rate-limiting enzyme for glycolysis?
PFK
What is the crossover?
The transition from FATS to CHO
How many glucose molecules make up a glycogen molecule?
6
How are muscle fibers engaged?
Smallest to largest
How much ATP is created from a NADH+H+ in the cytoplasm?
0 ATP
What is the purpose of NADH+H+ in the cytoplasm?
Rapid transport of Hydrogen ions to the H+ ion shuttle and to send H+ ions to pyruvate
What happens to the crossover as a sedentary individual becomes more aerobic?
It moves to the right and they gradually increase the use of fats.
What does gluconeogenesis mean and what molecules can be used.
Creation of new glucose via APLOK
If Mike is doing a 5 RM on the bench press what muscle fibers will be engaged.
Type 1, Type 2a, Type 2C
What are the byproducts of a single cycle of beta-oxidation?
NADH2, FADH2 and an Acetyl Co-A
What are the end products of the breakdown of an MG via anaerobic glycolysis?
2 Lactate, 4 ATP (Gross), 3 ATP (Net)
Who has the greater EPOC
A: Light intensity for 30 minutes
B: Moderate intensity for 12,000 seconds
B it ends up being 20 minutes
Name 2 roles that carbohydrates have in the body.
Spare Protein, prevent ketosis, quick energy, fuel source for the CNS
What will happen to Epinephrine/ Norepinephrine/ Cortisol levels after you train at a certain workload for 3 weeks?
They will decrease over time
How much ATP is needed to completely break down a TG molecule?
7 ATP
Fates of lactate?
We convert lactate back to pyruvate or it is sent to the liver to be converted to glycogen via the cori cycles
What would be the difference if a sedentary individual and an aerobic individual both run at 6 MPH in terms of their continuums?
Sedentary would be heavily reliant on CHO and will be at a much higher intensity
What processes increase towards the end of a 2-hour race once carb storage is depleted?
Gluconeogenesis, Lipolysis, and Proteolysis
At the same intensity who will have a higher caloric expenditure a fit or unfit individual?
Fit
What is the difference between SLP and Oxidative Phosphorylation?
SLP- Direct trading of phosphates
OP- Picking up free phosphates
What are issues H+ ion accumulation?
Inhibits GP, impairs glycolytic enzymes, impedes muscle contractions
Who will end up burning more kcals from fats
A: High Intensity 40 kcal/min for 10 minutes
B: Moderate intensity 30 kcal/min for 10 minutes
B: 150 kcals
What are 3 possible fates for carbohydrates once they are consumed?
Stored as Glycogen, Used for energy and converted to fats
At 6 MPH what enzymes would be more active for an unfit individual when compared to a fit individual?
Hexokinase, GP, PFK, LDH