Part 1
Explaining something complex by comparing it to something more simple.
Analogy
Discussing the similarities and differences between two things to some persuasive or illustrative purpose.
Compare and contrast
At the most basic sense, saying the opposite of what you mean; also used to describe situations in which the results of an action are dramatically different than intended.
Irony
Appealing to someone's sense of concrete facts and logic.
Logos.
Setting up a source as credible and trustworthy.
Ethos
The combination of reasons, evidence, etc that an author uses to convince an audience of their position.
Argument
The implied meaning of a word; words can broadly have positive, negative, or neutral connotations.
Connotation
Making a generalization based on specific evidence at hand.
Inductive reasoning
The literal, dictionary- definition meaning of a word.
Denotation
How different parts of an arrangement are arranged in a piece of writing or speech.
Three different methods of appealing to an audience to convince them—ethos, logos, and pathos.
Aristotelian appeals
The extra-textual environment in which the text is being delivered.
Context
The reason or moment for writing or speaking.
When something is suggested without being concretely stated.
Implication
The specific type of work being presented.
Genre
The writer's personal views or feelings about the subject at hand.
Attitude
The argument(s) against the author's position.
Counterargument
The information presented meant to persuade the audience of the author's position.
Evidence
An Aristotelian appeal that involves appealing to someone's emotions.
Pathos
Placing two very different things together for effect.
Juxtaposition
Who the author is directing his or her message towards.
Audience
A form of logical reasoning wherein a general principle is applied to a specific case.
Deductive reasoning
Any descriptive language used to evoke a vivid sense or image of something; includes figurative language.
Imagery
The use of language in a non-literal way; i.e. metaphor, simile, etc.
Figurative language
Diction