Integumentary Disorders
This level of skin is involved in a superficial partial-thickness burn
What is the epidermis?
This form of arthritis is characterized by symmetrical joint involvement and chronic inflammation.
What is rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
This cardinal sign of inflammation is due to increased blood flow and capillary dilation.
What is redness (erythema)?
This term refers to dead tissue that must be removed to promote healing.
What is eschar (or necrotic tissue)?
Tachycardia in early sepsis is the body’s compensatory response to this.
What is hypoperfusion?
This type of burn may involve all layers of skin and result in little to no pain due to nerve damage.
What is a full-thickness burn?
Muscle wasting due to immobility is known as this.
What is disuse atrophy?
This process involves neutrophils and macrophages engulfing pathogens.
What is phagocytosis?
This technique removes devitalized tissue to aid wound healing.
What is debridement?
This vital sign alteration may appear in both SIRS and sepsis due to inflammatory cytokines.
What is fever or hypothermia?
These burns are caused by exposure to heat sources that denature proteins.
What are thermal burns?
This hormone, when elevated, increases calcium release from bones.
What is parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Inflammatory mediators stimulate nerve endings, resulting in this symptom.
What is pain?
Older adults have reduced skin elasticity and perfusion, leading to slower healing due to this age-related process.
What is degeneration (or aging-related degeneration)?
This electrolyte imbalance can cause muscle weakness, cramps, and arrhythmias.
What is hypokalemia?
This immune response involves mast cell degranulation after IgE binds to allergens.
What is IgE-mediated hypersensitivity?
RA can cause this thickened synovial tissue that invades and destroys cartilage.
What is pannus?
This systemic condition results from uncontrolled inflammation and may cause multi-organ failure.
What is sepsis (or SIRS)?
This type of burn is caused by exposure to ionizing rays or cancer treatments.
What are radiation burns?
This sodium imbalance causes confusion, thirst, and neuromuscular irritability.
What is hypokalemia?
A wound healing from the bottom up without surgical closure is using this healing method.
What is healing by secondary intention?
These medications are used to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, reducing inflammation.
What are NSAIDs?
In metabolic acidosis, the kidneys fail to excrete this acid or reabsorb this base.
What are hydrogen ions (H⁺) and bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)?
This wound care method helps maintain a moist environment and prevent infection.
What are dressings and topical agents?
This intervention is a priority in early sepsis to restore intravascular volume.
What is fluid resuscitation?