Chemistry vocab
The study of chemical reactions, such as growth, reproduction, and respiration, that occur within a living organism
Biochemistry
What are the 3 major compound groups in the body?
proteins, carbs and lipids
Non- less likely to clog pores
comedogenic- clogging
The PH scale is ____ which means each step or number increases by multiples of 10.
Logarithmic
Name three different product types for skin care?
moisturizer, toner, mask, etc
The process of a solid or gas changing states without becoming a liquid
Sublimination
Basic materials the body uses to construct and renew itself are?
Proteins
What are emollients and what do they form on the skin?
oils and oil soluble substances used to condition and soften skin. provide a occlusive barrier
A ___ is when two or more compounds are blended together physically rather than chemically
Mixture
Natural derivative of Salicyclic acid is called___?
Willow Bark
A change in a substance that creates a new substance with different material characteristics from those of the original substance
Chemical Change
____ are compounds consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen that join together to form proteins.
Amino Acids
Define a humectant and list 1-2 examples of ingredients that function as humectants.
Organic ingredients that bind water and deposit it into the skin. Glycerin, Sorbitol, Propylene Glycol, are all examples
Hard- may contain salts such as calcium and magnesium.
organic acids extracted from a variety of natural sources, including fruits, sugar, and milk.
The name given to an electron in the outermost orbit that is easily moved from its orbit.
Free electron
A simple unit of Carbohydrate is called ___?
Saccharide
Define and compare fatty acids and fatty alcohols
Fatty acids- can be either plant or animal sources. Commonly used in creams or lotions. Lubricants.
Fatty alcohols- fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen. not drying despite alcohol being in the name!
Solvents that mix together are called ___ solvents. Solvents that don't mix easily with each other, such as oil and water, are called ___ solvents
Miscible and immiscible
What are silicones?
ingredients derived from a silicone base. Act by laying a mesh-like pattern of waterproof molecules over the skin, allowing oxygen to penetrate
Neutrons have no electrical charge, they are "neutrally charged". Neutrons and protons together determine the ____ of each element
Molecular Weight
Define and explain the difference between the following:
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysccharides
Mono- a single saccharide (glucose)
Disa- Two linked together (sucrose)
poly- many linked together to form larger molecules (starch)
ingredients added to a product to enhance the effectiveness of the preservative
Chelating agents
What cosmetic products would have surfactants in them?
detergents, shampoos, facial cleansers, bath gels
Describe a free radical and what skin care ingredient can help with free radical damage?
Antioxidants