DENSITY
the amount of matter in an object
MASS
What is the PHYSICAL layer that makes up our tectonic plates?
LITHOSPHERE
any trace of an ancient organism is known as a
FOSSIL
heat transfer that requires NO direct contact between a heat source and an object
RADIATION
The German scientist who came up with the hypothesis of continental drift...
Alfred Wegner
Density is...............
the amount of atoms; "stuff" crammed into a certain amount of space
What CHEMICAL layer do convection currents occur in?
the MANTLE
a geological theory describing the movement of Earth's lithosphere driven by convection currents
PLATE TECTONICS
heat transfer by movement of liquids or gases
CONVECTION
these are the separate sections of the lithosphere. (there are 2 types)
tectonic plates
How is density calculated?
MASS divided by VOLUME
This PHYSICAL layer is the only completely liquid layer...
OUTER CORE
Heat transfer by direct contact, usually occurs within solids
When temperature increases matter will ________, because it is less ___________.
RISE (because it is less) DENSE
This type of plate boundary collides to create a mountain or a trench
CONVERGENT
If density is HIGH, matter will _________________
SINK
Hint: Think about oceanic crust being more dense and SINKING during subduction.
This PHYSICAL layer of Earth is where convection currents occur.
ASTHENOSPHERE
the formation of new oceanic lithosphere as magma rises at the Mid-Ocean Ridge, with older sea floor moving away.
SEA-FLOOR SPREADING
The CHEMICAL layer where convection currents occur is the...
MANTLE
This type of plate boundary creates mid ocean ridges or rift valleys
DIVERGENT
List the CHEMICAL layers of Earth in order from MOST dense to LEAST dense.
core, mantle, crust.
The strong lower part of the mantle is known as the...
MESOSPHERE
How did fossils help Alfred Wegner begin to prove his hypothesis of continental drift?
Wegner discovered that fossils were found on Africa and South America, but the animal could not swim or fly.... this proved that these continents were closer at one time.
EXPLAIN how a convection current works. (what happens to the particles)
The particles heat up, matter becomes less dense and then rises and the particles spread out. Then the particles begin to cool down, and because the temp decreases the matter becomes more dense, making the particles come together and sink.
What are the 3 things that cause tectonic plates to move?
1. Mantle convection
2. Ridge Push
3. Slab Pull