ETC Basics
What is Oxidization
How are electrons passed through an ETC chain
Through a series of chemical reactions
This process breaks glucose into pyruvate
What is glycolysis?
The energy currency of the cell
What is ATP?
Approximate number of ATP generated per glucose in aerobic respiration
What is 30–32
This is the space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes
What is the intermembrane space?
The ETC is embedded in this mitochondrial membrane
What is the inner membrane
This cycle produces NADH and FADH₂
What is the citric acid cycle?
This carrier delivers electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to the ETC
What is NADH?
ATP synthase produces ATP through this process
What is chemiosmosis
This fluid-filled space is inside the inner membrane
What is the mitochondrial matrix
The ETC uses energy from electrons to pump these across the membrane
What are protons or hydrogen ions?
This links glycolysis to the citric acid cycle
What is pyruvate oxidation?
FADH₂ donates electrons at this ETC complex
What is Complex II
This is the name of the electrochemical gradient that powers ATP production
What is the proton motive force(PMP)?
The outer mitochondrial membrane is permeable to these types of molecules
What are small and uncharged molecules?
This enzyme complex makes ATP using the proton gradient
What is ATP synthase?
This is the correct order of cellular respiration: glycolysis, ___, citric acid cycle, ETC
What is pyruvate oxidation?)
This molecule is reduced to water at the end of the ETC
What is oxygen
Without oxygen, this process cannot occur, halting the ETC
What is aerobic respiration
These folds increase the surface area of the inner membrane
What are cristae
This is the main purpose of the electron transport chain
What is to generate a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis
These high-energy molecules donate electrons to the ETC
What are NADH and FADH₂
Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) transfers electrons between these two complexes
What are Complex I/II and Complex III?
In oxidative phosphorylation, this is "oxidized" to power ATP production
What are NADH and FADH₂?