SPOT THE THEORY
"____ believe that certain types of act, such as torture, are intrinsically wrong...no amount of good could possibly justify torture. Even if torturing X were the only way to save the lives of a million innocent people, it would be wrong to torture X."
What is Deontologists?
These are two types of Utilitarianism
What are Act and Rule?
Kant's theory of Duty acts on this unlike how animals act from inclination
What is principle?
These are two examples of traits of good character which you practice all the time that is good for a person to have if they are to live their life's well
What is (all acceptable answers) compassion, courage, fairness, honesty, self-control, tactfulness, loyalty, tolerance?
This theory is a ______ approach that pays attention to the particularity of each moral situation, to the relationships involved and to the task of maintaining those relationships throughout the ethical decision making process.
What is contextualist?
"So I've made the choice that the sort of person I am is the sort of person who does not use a gun. Others might make a different choice, based on the sort of person their state in life requires them to be. Self-defense and the defense of the innocent are morally good, but I don't believe that a situation that requires it is likely enough to merit changing the sort of person I am. The ethical theory I adhere to is ____"
What is Virtue Ethics?
Utilitarianism is a theory based on the idea that the morality of an action is determined by this
What is the greatest good to the greatest number of people?
"Making a decision to act without considering the consequences of said action. Rather, you are focusing solely on whether or not that action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules." is an ____ to the ____ Kantian theory
What is an objection to Deontology?
Virtues are attained or acquired through these two things
what are practice and habit?
"It leads to radical actions to help one's family member or close personal friend, disregarding the consequences or peril it could bring about strangers in your society." is an ______ to this theory.
What is objection?
"It may be thought that because of this, ___ could provide a basis for an anthropocentric viewpoint that excluded nonhuman animals. The alleged reason for this would be that, because we usually have stronger relationships with humans, we should give priority to their interests and pay less attention to the interests of nonhuman animals."
What is Ethics of Care?
The view that the morality of an action is determined by whether or not its consequences are favorable is an example of this branch of utilitarianism.
What is Consequentialism?
These are critiques of Kant's theory
What is (all acceptable answers) he puts too much faith in people, problem of description, and is its a right-based theory?
in a critical evaluation of looking at a moral dilemma a virtuist takes into account this
What is all actions and emotional life?
These are weaknesses of this theory
What is (all acceptable answers) time-consuming, bias, too partial and parochial?
"But even when the gun debate turns to ___ concerns, there is no consensus on whether the presence of guns in inherently or categorically a social positive or negative, or, assuming guns can both protect and threaten lives, whether the net effect is poise or negative."
What is Utilitarianism?
This is one of the biggest objections to this theory
What is the difficulty in predicting consequences?
"How ought I to act in order to do good in the world" is a question belonging to this branch of Ethics
What is Normative Ethics
"you can now see that normative ethical theorist of different stripes can oppose–albeit for different reasons–a given instance of torture. An ____ can oppose it because it's a case of torture, which is categorically prohibited. A ____ can oppose it because (1) its a case of torure, which is intrinsically wrong, and (2) it will not produce enough good to justify it. A ____ can oppose it because it does not maximize the good."
What is absolute deontology, modern deontology, and consequentialist?
In the Ethical parable 'Haydyn & the Oyster', Jeremy Bentham's philosophy lead him to choose the Oyster or Haydyn for this reason
What is after doing the math, the oyster ends up with more happiness than haydyn
These are two assumptions to Kantian Ethics
What are morality must hold for everyone and therefore be a universal rule and the source of morality must be reason and not experience?