Rationales for Punishment
A rationale for punishment that views it as a means rather than an end and embraces any method that can avoid crime, painful or not
What is Prevention?
Holding an offender to prevent further crime
This ethical system would probably not support punishment unless it was essential to help the offender become a better person or help the victim become whole.
What is Ethics of Care?
This punishment is proscribed by the 8th Amendment.
What is the Cruel and Unusual Punishment?
This norm promotes the idea that clients are inept, deviant, and irredeemable.
What is Cynicism?
The idea that all criminal acts are symptoms of an underlying pathology.
What is Treatment Ethics?
Sentencing legislation that imposes extremely long sentences for repeat offenders - in this case, after three prior felonies
What is three-strikes laws?
This system clearly supports a retributive view of punishment.
What is Ethical Formalism?
The quality of this punishment that is different than all others is that it is irrevocable.
What is capital punishment?
This subcultural norm produces minimal work output.
What is Lethargy?
The idea that the system intentionally inflicts pain on offenders during their imprisonment or punishment, because merely depriving them of liberty is not considered sufficiently painful
What is Penal Harm?
This is what is done to offenders to prevent them from deciding to commit another offense.
Specific Deterrence
This principle is often used to support the prevention rationale of punishment: deterrence, incapacitation, and treatment
What is Utilitarianism?
The effect of punishment whereby the offender feels cast aside and abandoned by the community.
What is stigmatizing shaming?
This norm promotes an unspoken rule that each persons runs his or her own caseload.
What is Individualism?
David Fogel's conceptualization that the punishment of an individual should be limited by the seriousness of the crime, although treatment could be offerred
What is the Justice Model?
This is what is done to an offender to prevent others from deciding to engage in wrongful behavior.
What is General Deterrence?
This care perspective emphasizes needs, motives, and relationships.
Braithwaite's idea that certain types of punishment can lead to a reduction of recidivism as long as they do not involve banishment and they induce health shame in the individual.
What is Reintegrative Shaming?
This group of professionals may be influenced in greater or lesser ways by the "penal harm" atmosphere where inmates are seen as not deserving of care associated with medical services outside the prison.
What is Treatment Professionals?
Atonement for a wrong to achieve a state of grace
What is Expiation?
Courts have sometimes defined this as that which constitutes accepted and standard practice and which could reasonably result in a "cure".
What is Treatment?
This rationale for punishment promotes the idea that the criminal act creates an imbalance between offender and victim, and that the punishment should be concerned with regaining any balance.
What is Rawlsian Ethics?
These types of companies stand in direct conflict with the trend to decriminalize, de-institutionalize, and deconstruct this nation's prison-industrial complex.
What is Private Prisons?
The prevalent misperception of the popularity of a belief among a group because of the influence of a vocal minority.
What is Pluralistic Ignorance?