Terms (Part 1)
The concept of flourishing or living a life of meaning, often linked with Aristotle’s ethics.
Eudamonia
The study of reasoning, argument, and logic.
Logic
The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of beauty, art, and taste.
Aesthetics
Study of existence - What is life?
Metaphysics
The study of knowledge, belief, and the nature of truth.
Epistemology
The belief that morality is determined by individual feelings or preferences.
Subjectivism
A moral theory that emphasizes duties
Deontology
The branch of philosophy dealing with questions of right and wrong, justice, and virtue.
Ethics
The doctrine that moral virtue lies between two extremes—excess and deficiency.
The Golden Mean
The conditions needed for an argument to be valid, including clarity and logical form.
ARG Conditions
the role of character and virtues in determining what is morally right, rather than focusing primarily on rules (deontology) or consequences (utilitarianism)
Virtue Ethics
This view holds that life has no inherent meaning or value.
Nihilism
The view that moral truths exist independently of human thoughts or feelings.
Objectivism
The belief that pleasure is the highest good and the ultimate goal of life.
Hedonism
This group of thinkers emphasized the power of persuasion and rhetorical skill over traditional truth-seeking.
Sophists
Reasoning that is based on shared principles or values in a democratic society, allowing individuals to reach common decisions.
Public Reason
The result or outcome of an argument that is supported by premises.
Conclusion
The view that moral facts exist independently of human beliefs, in contrast to moral anti-realism.
Moral Realism
These virtues, including courage, temperance, wisdom, and justice, are key to living a balanced and moral life.
Four Cardinal Values
This doctrine allows for an action that causes harm as a side effect, but not as the intended result, in certain situations.
Doctrine of Double Effect
The ethical theory that moral obligations are grounded in God’s will, often linked to religious doctrine.
Divine Command Theory
The ethical theory that individuals should act in their own self-interest.
Ethical Egoism
The hypothetical situation where people create a just society without knowing their own position in it.
Veil Of Ignorance
The theory that moral duties are based on an agreement or contract among people to form a society.
Social Contract Theory
suggests the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or well-being
Utilitarianism