Utilitarianism
Hedonism, Cynicism & Stoicism
Christian Ethics
Trolley Problems
Platonism
100
This PRINCIPLE states that you must always act to produce the most good and the least bad; its useful...
What is the principle of Utility?
100
Reject desires and institutions; live a simple life.
What is Cynicism?
100
This view developed out of Judaism & Persian mystical religions. It emphasize the 10 commandments (Decalogue) and the moral teachings of the Prophet known as Christ...
What is Pastoral Christianity?
100
This person conjured up the Trolley problem scenario...
Who is Philippa Foot?
100
Plato's story about slaves who live to see a world of shadows, one breaks loose and gets 'enlightened.'
What is The Allegory of the Cave?
200
This type of Utilitarianism focuses not only on quantity, but also on quality...
What is Qualitative Utilitarianism?
200
The aim in life is to pursue pleasure.
What is Hedonism?
200
During the Era of Church Ethics, Christianity developed these two ascetic lifestyles as part of the religion...you have to pinch someone for good luck when you see one!
What is the Monastery and the Nunnery? (Monks and Nuns)
200
Thought Experiment; The general form of the problem is this: Person A can take an action which would benefit many people, but in doing so, person B would be unfairly harmed. Under what circumstances would it be morally just for Person A to violate Person B's rights in order to benefit the group?
What is a Trolley Problem?
200
Moral principles are not dependent on any humans.
What is Moral Objectivity?
300
Bentham's method for calculating pleasure/pain...
What is Hedonistic Calculus?
300
Advice to individuals for attaining personal salvation from a crumbling world...
What is Stoicism?
300
A type of ism: Moral code = objective and infallible (cannot be questioned) because it is God’s will...
What is Authoritarianism?
300
The main question that compares two options and is prevalent in all trolley problems...
What is worse killing or letting die?
300
There is only one good life for all.
What is Absolutism? The Absolute...
400
“an existence exempt as far as possible from pain, and as rich as possible in enjoyments, both in point of quantity and quality” - John Stuart Mill
What is The Greatest Happiness Principle?
400
In _________ people ONLY follow pleasure and avoid pain. That is their aim in life. In _________ not only do they pursue pleasure - they believe they ought to do so, because its “the good.”
What is Psychological and Ethical Hedonism?
400
St. Thomas Aquinas revised the Church philosophy from Neo-Platonism to this type of ism...
What is Aristotelianism?
400
We must accept the fact that our ___________ (the duty to refrain from killing) are more stringent (strict, severe) than our __________ (as the duty to save lives).
What is Negative and Positive Duties?
400
Having high moral standards and behaving in accordance to them is called ____________.
What is Virtuous Behavior?
500
"following rules that lead to the greatest good will have better consequences overall than allowing exceptions to be made in individual instances, even if better consequences can be demonstrated."
What is Rule Utilitarianism?
500
The four cardinal virtues of the Stoic philosophy...
What are Wisdom, Courage, Justice, Temperance?
500
If God is Benevolent, Omniscience, and Omnipotent, and there is still bad in the world...
What is the Problem of Evil?
500
In the famous Trolley Problem, according to Mrs. Foot, if Edward has dual negative duties (to not save 5 people, and change the track to kill one) what should be the best course of action for Edward?
What is move the Trolley to the track with less consequence; less people (the one); Save 5.
500
According to Plato, when evil occurs in the world, it is because there is a L_____ O_ K_________.
What is Lack Of Knowledge?
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