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Definition of Beneficence
perform acts to help people stay healthy or recover from illness
Definition of Justice
what is due to an individual
Definition of Role Fidelity
Scope of practice and being faithful to your profession
Definition of Veracity
truth telling
Definition of Confidentiality
HIPAA, keeping medical records confident at all times
What does health disparity mean?
preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations
What does health equity mean?
The state in which everyone has a fair and just opportunity to attain their highest level of health
What does social determinants mean?
conditions that affect health, such as shelter, food, income, education, a stable environment, sustainable resources, social justice and equity
What does the Principle of Utility mean?
Requires the rule used to make the decision brings about positive results when generalized to a wide variety of situations.
What does Value Development mean?
Part of identity formation and personality development processes
What are the B-Needs in Maslow's hierarchy?
Need for esteem.
Need for self-actualization.
What is deontological theory?
focuses on the essential rightness or wrongness of an act, not the consequences of the act
A patient undergoing surgery signs an informed consent for the procedure. Which of the following principles of health care ethics does informed consent protect?
Role fidelity
Confidentiality
Autonomy
Nonmaleficence
3. Autonomy
In Jean Piaget's stages of development, in what age range is a child in the egocentric stage?
Ages 2 to 7
This theory focuses on the essential rightness or wrongness of an act, not the consequence of the act.
Duty-oriented theory, which states the rightness or wrongness of an act.
An act performed by a health care practitioner to help a patient stay healthy or recover from illness is which principle of health care ethics?
Beneficence.
Beneficence is defined as acts of charity and mercy but it means more for health care workers. Beneficence is acts performed by a health care practitioner to help people stay healthy or recover from illness.
In Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, the need for basic life (food, shelter), a safe environment, and to belong and be loved are designated "D" needs. What does "D" stand for?
Deprivation
Destitute
Deficiency
Demanding
3. Deficiency
Jean Piaget is one of the most famous researchers in value development. How did Piaget formulate that there are four levels of moral development?
By interviewing families with children.
By observing children at play.
By researching the discipline patterns of parents.
By interviewing grandparents.
2. By observing children at play
A doctor prescribes a placebo for a patient who he feels is complaining of pain that is not there. This is an example of a violation of what principle of health care ethics?
Veracity
According to MacIntyre's theory of virtue ethics, what principle helps the decision maker arrive at a decision?
Loyalty to the role he or she plays.
Virtue ethics focuses on the traits, characteristics, and virtues that a moral person should have. Who is the most well-known ethicist to write about this ethical decision making process?
Alasdair MacIntyre
An x-ray technician witnesses a nurse diagnosing a medical problem for a patient. Which of the seven principles of health care ethics has this nurse violated?
Role fidelity
A hospital administrator makes a decision to shut down a wing due to budget cuts even though some people will lose their jobs. The decision is based on results that will produce the greatest balance of good over evil, everyone considered. What type of framework is the administrator employing to make this value decision?
Act-utilitarianism
A child tells a nurse that he stole money from his mother's purse because he needed to buy some candy. He also states that he knows what he did was wrong and will not do it again. Based on this conversation, what stage of moral development would this child be experiencing?
Formal operational stage
A housekeeper at a local hospital has worked her way up to housekeeping supervisor. But as she thinks about her future, she realizes that she only works to be recognized and have responsibility. She determines that she is not recognized for her work and decides to go to a nursing school. At what stage might she be in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Esteem stage