Ethics to socioeconomic development
A company operating in a developing country is considering sourcing raw materials from local suppliers. What action best demonstrates the organization’s contribution to socio-economic development?
1. Researching the origin of raw materials for convenience.
2. Importing raw materials from international suppliers for cost savings.
3. Collaborating with local suppliers to support the regional economy.
4. Negotiating with local suppliers for the lowest possible price.
3. Collaborating with local suppliers to support the regional economy.
Which of the following practices demonstrates the conventional level of moral development?
1. Vic is good to Kellin since he is nice, but he is rude to Chona since she is rude to him as well.
2. Jaime is against employee discrimination but will not join any protest without the admin’s consent.
3. Mike refused to embezzle their company's money because he believed he might get terminated.
4. Tony learned that their company is not paying taxes and believes the law should change for everyone to be equal.
2. Jaime is against employee discrimination but will not join any protest without the admin’s consent.
In the context of ethics and Filipino values, which of the following accurately describes the concept of "crab mentality"?
1. The tendency to work collaboratively and supportively towards a common goal.
2. The practice of pulling down or undermining the success of others out of envy or resentment.
3. The belief in maintaining strong interpersonal connections and extended family networks.
4. The inclination to prioritize the well-being and happiness of others over personal gain.
2. The practice of pullappiness of others over personal gain.
In a multinational corporation, a new CEO with a strong utilitarian belief system implements cost-cutting measures that lead to layoffs but increase profits significantly. How might this CEO's utilitarian beliefs impact business practices?
A) Prioritize employee well-being over profits
B) Emphasize individual rights and dignity
C) Strive for a balance between ethics and financial gains
D) Focus on maximizing overall happiness and profitability
D) Focus on maximizing overall happiness and profitability
A startup founded by individuals with strong environmentalist beliefs implements sustainable practices, such as using eco-friendly materials and reducing carbon footprint. How might these beliefs impact their business practices?
A) Prioritize short-term profits over environmental concerns
B) Disregard ethical considerations for financial gains
C) Strive for a balance between profitability and environmental responsibility
D) Focus on long-term sustainability and environmental impact
D) Focus on long-term sustainability and environmental impact
A multinational corporation invests in education and vocational training programs for local communities in the regions where it operates. How does this initiative contribute to socioeconomic development?
1. Mitigating job market saturation by empowering local talents
2. Enhancing corporate profitability through skilled workforce development
3. Elevating educational standards and fostering inclusivity in opportunities
4. Amplifying community well-being through comprehensive engagement initiatives
4. Amplifying community well-being through comprehensive engagement initiatives
What can be done when a manager is confronted with an ethical dilemma?
1. First, consult your supervisor to determine what steps to take, and then carry them out promptly and without hesitation.
2. Consider which decision will result in the greatest financial benefit for the shareholder today.
3. If your priority is to comply with the law, then take legal action as it will likely cause the least amount of public outrage.
4. Before making any decision, take into account the ethics of the person involved, the company's values, and the interests of the employees, shareholders, and customers.
4. Before making any decision, take into account the ethics of the person involved, the company's values, and the interests of the employees, shareholders, and customers.
In the 3-D class, the professor has assigned a group project with a strict deadline. Unfortunately, one of the group members, Al, has consistently failed to attend meetings and contribute to the project. When confronted by his groupmates, Al has offered various excuses, such as family emergencies and health issues. However, he hasn't provided any proof or documentation to support his claims. The deadline for the project is approaching, and Al still hasn't completed his assigned tasks.
The question is which ethical principle is Al violating the most by consistently offering excuses without providing evidence to support them?
1. The tendency to work collaboratively and supportively towards a common goal.
2. The practice of pulling down or undermining the success of others out of envy or resentment.
3. The belief in maintaining strong interpersonal connections and extended family networks.
4. The inclination to prioritize the well-being and happiness of others over personal gain.
2. Accountability
A family-owned business follows a belief system rooted in Confucian values of harmony and respect for hierarchy. How might this belief system influence their business practices?
A) Encourage open communication and flat organizational structure
B) Emphasize hierarchy, respect for authority, and loyalty
C) Prioritize individual achievement and competition
D) Focus on short-term gains and individual interests
B) Emphasize hierarchy, respect for authority, and loyalty
WHO ARE THE TWO PEOPLE WHO COINED UTILITARIANISM?
1 POINT FOR SURNAMES OR FIRST NAMES
2 POINTS FOR FULL NAMES
JEREMY BENTHAM AND JOHN STUART MILL
The Philippine Mining Act of 1995, also known as R.A. 7942, requires mining companies to establish a Social Development Management Program (SDMP) for the communities that will be affected by the mining operations during its expected lifespan. How does the implementation of SDMP align with the role of businesses in society?
1. The program agrees with the role of business in being a conduit of government in uplifting the lives of Filipinos to a more comfortable life through livelihood opportunities, infrastructure, and the like.
2. The program adheres to the principle of subsidiarity, wherein the responsibility of uplifting local communities is given to businesses.
3. The program ensures compliance with international business standards, prioritizing sustainable and ethical practices in mining operations.
4. The program focuses on the business obligation in the environment. It must make sure that it provides a lesser footprint in the conduct of its business operations.
1. The program agrees with the role of business in being a conduit of government in uplifting the lives of Filipinos to a more comfortable life through livelihood opportunities, infrastructure, and the like.
What is a business's most likely strategy to encourage ethical behavior?
1. Create and implement a written code of ethics for the organization.
2. Employ personnel who are ethical and share the company's beliefs.
3. Display signs that discourage sexual harassment and discrimination.
4. Employees should be threatened with swift firing if they engage in unethical activity.
2. Employ personnel who are ethical and share the company's beliefs.
In a business setting in the Philippines, a manager is facing a dilemma. A supplier has offered a considerable kickback in exchange for securing a lucrative contract. Although the manager knows that accepting the kickback goes against the company's code of ethics and integrity, refusing it might put the relationship with the supplier at risk. This, in turn, could lead to delays in project timelines. In this situation, what should the manager prioritize?
1. Accept the kickback to maintain a good relationship with the supplier and ensure project timelines are met.
2. Refuse the kickback to uphold the company's code of ethics and integrity, risking potential delays in project timelines.
3. Negotiate with the supplier to find a compromise that benefits both parties without compromising ethical standards.
4. Seek guidance from senior management to decide on how to proceed in a manner that aligns with the company's values.
2. Refuse the kickback to uphold the company's code of ethics and integrity, risking potential delays in project timelines.
A manager is in a difficult situation where a supplier has offered a significant kickback in return for securing a profitable contract. The manager is aware that accepting the kickback goes against the company's ethical code and principles. However, if the manager refuses the kickback, it may harm the relationship with the supplier, which could lead to delays in project timelines. In the light of Plato's concept of justice and Aristotle's Golden Mean, which aspect should the manager prioritize in this situation?
A) Uphold Plato's concept of justice by prioritizing the overall well-being and fairness for all parties involved, even if it means risking the relationship with the supplier.
B) Follow Aristotle's Golden Mean by finding a balanced approach that considers both maintaining integrity and preserving the business relationship without compromising ethical standards.
C) Prioritize maintaining the business relationship by accepting the kickback to ensure project timelines are met, even if it means deviating from ethical principles.
D) Seek guidance from senior management to make a decision that aligns with both Plato's concept of justice and Aristotle's Golden Mean in balancing competing interests.
B) Follow Aristotle's Golden Mean by finding a balanced approach that considers both maintaining integrity and preserving the business relationship without compromising ethical standards.
A manager discovers fraudulent activities within the finance department that have led to financial losses for the company. How should the organization demonstrate fairness, accountability, and transparency in handling this situation?
A) Cover up the fraudulent activities to avoid damaging the company's reputation
B) Hold the individuals involved accountable and implement measures to prevent future fraud
C) Shift blame to external factors to avoid internal accountability
D) Reward the finance department for their creativity in managing finances
B) Hold the individuals involved accountable and implement measures to prevent future fraud
The Farmer Entrepreneurship Program (JFCFEP) by Jollibee Foods Corporation offers various benefits to farmers such as agricultural inputs, training, and market linkages. The training programs motivate farmers to shift from planting rice and corn to growing vegetables. In what ways can this program be beneficial for smallholder farmers?
1. The costs incurred by farmers can be significantly reduced since farming inputs are provided to them during a specific period.
2. Farmers can become more competitive in the market as they have access to information on the best agricultural practices.
3. Farmers can have a stable source of income and avoid the risk of receiving asymmetrical price information by having direct access to a readily available market.
4. Farmers can develop diversified skills in agriculture, which can have a positive impact on their overall livelihoods, promote economic stability, and foster growth.
4. Farmers can develop diversified skills in agriculture, which can have a positive impact on their overall livelihoods, promote economic stability, and foster growth.
SWS Corp. wishes to develop a branch in a foreign country but learns that it must pay government officials to secure the materials needed to construct its headquarters. Which of the following is an ethical response?
1. It is customary to pay a bribe in the country where the business will be established.
2. One alternative is to import materials from another country to complete the project without paying the bribe.
3. The corporation may choose to pay the bribe since it must comply with the community standards in the area.
4. Another option is to refuse to pay the bribe and instead encourage a local company to provide goods illegally, as asking for bribes is unethical.
2. One alternative is to import materials from another country to complete the project without paying the bribe.
A manager is in a difficult situation where an ex-colleague who helped them secure their current position has asked for a favor that requires bending company rules. The manager feels a strong sense of "utang na loob" or debt of gratitude towards the colleague. What course of action should the manager take in this situation?
1. Fulfill the favor for the former colleague to honor the principle of "utang na loob" and maintain a good relationship.
2. Politely decline the favor, explaining that bending company rules goes against ethical standards and could have negative consequences.
3. Seek advice from other colleagues to gauge their opinions on how to handle the situation without compromising integrity.
4. Consult with HR or a superior to determine the best course of action that aligns with company policies and values.
2. Politely decline the favor, explaining that bending company rules goes against ethical standards and could have negative consequences.
A manager has to decide between meeting a tight project deadline that requires employees to work overtime without any additional compensation. The manager has two ethical frameworks to choose from: Utilitarianism and Categorical Imperative. According to these ethical theories, what should the manager prioritize in this situation?
A) Apply Utilitarianism by focusing on maximizing overall happiness and project success, even if it means temporarily sacrificing the well-being of employees.
B) Uphold Categorical Imperative by following the principle of treating employees as ends in themselves, ensuring their rights and dignity are respected regardless of project deadlines.
C) Strike a balance between Utilitarianism and Categorical Imperative by considering both the happiness of the majority and the respect for individual employee rights in making the decision.
D) Consult with a business ethics expert to determine the most appropriate ethical framework to apply in this specific situation to ensure fairness and ethical conduct.
D) Consult with a business ethics expert to determine the most appropriate ethical framework to apply in this specific situation to ensure fairness and ethical conduct.
A student is getting ready for a group presentation, where each member's contribution will be graded individually. However, the student notices that one of their group members is not contributing adequately and is frequently absent from meetings, thereby putting the presentation's quality at risk. The student is in a dilemma over whether to confront the group member or maintain group harmony.
According to Aristotle's concept of the Golden Mean, what should the student do in this situation?
A) Confront the group member aggressively to ensure their participation and uphold academic standards.
B) Ignore the issue to avoid conflict and maintain harmony within the group, risking the quality of the presentation.
C) Find a balanced approach by addressing the situation diplomatically, and encouraging the group members to contribute without causing unnecessary conflict.
D) Take over the absent group member's responsibilities entirely to ensure a high-quality presentation without disrupting group dynamics.
C) Find a balanced approach by addressing the situation diplomatically, and encouraging the group members to contribute without causing unnecessary conflict.
Which of the following scenarios does not illustrate the interdependence between business and the state?
1. In Alcoy, Cebu City, Kopisyap ni Lola established a connection with local coffee growers for its supply chain. To maintain quality, Kopisyap ni Lola collaborated with farmer cooperatives to provide seminars and training for capacity and competence building.
2. Mining firms in the Philippines are implementing the Social Development Management Program (SDMP) to build schools, waiting sheds, basketball courts, and to initiate livelihood projects like weaving or agriculture seminars for impacted communities, as part of their operations.
3. The Davao local government authorized Axelum Resources Corp to establish a 10,000-hectare coconut plantation. However, the plantation will affect important lands and spaces that local communities and indigenous peoples have chosen to preserve. Despite the opposition, the business is still hiring locals.
4. ALL OF THE ABOVE.
3. The Davao local government authorized Axelum Resources Corp to establish a 10,000-hectare coconut plantation. However, the plantation will affect important lands and spaces that local communities and indigenous peoples have chosen to preserve. Despite the opposition, the business is still hiring locals.
What action should have been taken by Toyota to protect basic consumer rights when it uncovered a flaw in its Corolla model that caused the car to explode readily when hit from behind?
1. Toyota should have conducted a cost-benefit analysis to determine whether it was more cost-effective to fix the problem or do nothing.
2. Toyota should have launched a campaign to inform consumers about the problem to prevent accidents.
3. Toyota should have notified customers of the explosions, recalled all affected vehicles, and fixed the issue.
4. Toyota should not have ignored the issue but instead addressed it by either fixing the problem or removing the Corolla from its vehicle portfolio.
3. Toyota should have notified customers of the explosions, recalled all affected vehicles, and fixed the issue.
A hostile takeover bidder publicly exaggerates flaws in your ancestral family business to undermine shareholder trust. As heir overseeing the board, you feel personally affronted. What would be your next step?
1. Demonize the bidder in even more extreme terms
2. Contest inaccuracies while avoiding vindictive retaliation
3. Appoint cronies as directors to entrench against threats
4. Secure your future interests rather than fight
2. Contest inaccuracies while avoiding vindictive retaliation
In the case of Lepanto Ceramics Employees Association and the petitioner, a dispute arose regarding the Christmas bonus for employees. Despite financial losses, the Voluntary Arbitrator ordered the petitioner to provide a Christmas bonus to workers. This decision was based on upholding fairness and contractual obligations. How would Kant's philosophy in business ethics likely view this situation?
A) Kant's philosophy would prioritize the financial interests of the company over honoring contractual obligations to employees, emphasizing profitability as the ultimate goal.
B) Kant's philosophy would support the Voluntary Arbitrator's decision, emphasizing the importance of upholding contractual agreements and treating employees ethically, even at a financial cost.
C) Kant's philosophy would advocate for the company to withhold the Christmas bonus to mitigate financial losses, prioritizing the sustainability and long-term success of the business.
D) Kant's philosophy would suggest that the company should negotiate with the employees to find a compromise that benefits both parties without strictly adhering to the contractual terms.
B) Kant's philosophy would support the Voluntary Arbitrator's decision, emphasizing the importance of upholding contractual agreements and treating employees ethically, even at a financial cost.
A manager is facing a decision where following the company policy would lead to laying off a considerable number of employees. However, deviating from the policy could save jobs, but it might also harm the company's financial stability. The manager is struggling between upholding justice for the employees and ensuring the company's viability. According to Plato's concept of justice, what should the manager prioritize in this situation?
A) Follow company policy strictly to maintain financial stability and uphold the organization's rules and regulations.
B) Deviate from company policy to save jobs and prioritize the well-being of the employees over financial concerns.
C) Seek a compromise that balances the interests of both employees and the company, considering long-term sustainability and fairness.
D) Consult with senior management to make a decision that aligns with the company's values and promotes justice for all stakeholders.
C) Seek a compromise that balances the interests of both employees and the company, considering long-term sustainability and fairness.