Foundational Frameworks
The process by which dominant groups define and exclude those they deem 'different,' explored in our Module 2 lecture as foundational to racial hierarchy.
Othering
Issued in 1493, this papal decree granted European Christian powers the right to 'discover' and claim lands not already inhabited by Christians, foundational to Indigenous dispossession.
Doctrine of Discovery
This abduction and human trafficking ring of approximately 12 million Africans across the Atlantic between the 16th and 19th centuries was the economic foundation of anti-Black racism in the Americas, covered in Zinn Ch. 9.
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Founded in Oakland in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, this organization combined armed self-defense with community programs like free breakfast for children, clinics, and schools.
Black Panther Party
This Lakota activist's autobiography, assigned for Module 4, describes her childhood experience at St. Francis Boarding School and her participation in the 1973 Wounded Knee occupation.
Lakota Woman by Mary Crow Dog
Sensoy & DiAngelo argue that this concept is not biological but a political and social category historically invented to assign value and organize people into hierarchies.
Race
In 1973, members of AIM occupied this South Dakota site — the location of an 1890 U.S. Army massacre of over 200 Lakota people — for 71 days to demand treaty rights.
Wounded Knee
This post-Civil War period briefly expanded Black political participation and civil rights — before being violently dismantled through Black Codes, convict leasing, and white supremacist terror.
Reconstruction
MLK Jr. described these three interconnected forces as the Triple Evils that must all be confronted together for justice to be real.
Racism, poverty, and militarism
Charles & Rah draw on Berger and Luckmann to describe this three-part cycle in which dysfunctional narratives become embedded in social systems effectively shaping our social reality. Name the three components of this cycle.
Externalization – Institutionalization – Internalization
This term captures the all encompassing dimensions of privilege, dominance, and assumed dominance in our US mainstream society
White Supremacy
These federal institutions — whose stated mission was to 'kill the Indian, save the man' — forcibly removed Native children from their families and communities to erase their languages and cultures.
Boarding schools
This legal system of racial segregation, enforced across the American South after Reconstruction, maintained de jure separation in schools, transportation, and public life.
Jim Crow
Contrary to claims of "going backwards," this practice encompasses dynamic processes that adapts traditions to contemporary contexts as efforts to reclaim, restore, and practice cultural traditions that colonialism attempted to destroy
Cultural Revitalization
Profe Rivera described four narrative types that help us classify and deconstruct the power of narratives. What are these four types of narratives?
Stock / Dominant Stories
Concealed Stories
Resistance Stories
Counter Stories
Kimberlé Crenshaw developed this framework to show how race, gender, class, and other identities overlap and compound one another, creating distinct experiences of oppression.
Intersectionality
This government measurement of Indigenous 'blood' percentage has been used to determine tribal membership and citizenship — challenged in the All My Relations podcast episode we listened to.
Blood Quantum
In May 1921, a white mob destroyed this thriving Black neighborhood in Tulsa, Oklahoma — looting and burning 35 square blocks, killing hundreds, and displacing thousands.
Tulsa Race Massacre / Black Wall Street
In contrast to charity, this practice — championed by the Black Panthers — builds community power through collective, peer-to-peer care: free clinics, food programs, legal aid.
Mutual Aid
This documentary focused on the 1973 Native Americans from the Oglala Lakota Tribe and their aim to draw national attention to the desperate conditions on their reservations, where they feared an entire culture and way of life was being wiped out.
Wounded Knee (2009)
Andersen & Collins use this term to describe the simultaneous, interlocking operation of race, class, and gender as systems of oppression — not separate forces, but a single structure.
Matrix of Domination
Charles & Rah describe settler colonialism as the colonial structure in which one people permanently settles, claims sovereignty, and displaces the original inhabitants of a land.
Our class has described this term as the totalizing practice of which four acts that involves the subjugation of one people to another
Dehumanization, domination, oppression, & theft
Ava DuVernay's 2016 documentary argues that this system — enabled by the 13th Amendment's exception clause — is the modern continuation of slavery by another name.
Mass Incarceration / New Jim Crow
Based on the video clip below, how would you describe the action taken on behalf of the Black Panthers during the 504 Sit-in — a disability rights protest that began in April 1977.
Transformative Solidarity
What are the 10 mechanisms constructing patterns of settler colonialism?
Settlers grabbing land and imposing borders
Hatching hierarchies
Dividing and conquering
Bringing chattel
Erasing, displacing, replacing Indigenous peoples, cultures, memories
Mining/growing for Europe
Developing for Europe/whiteness
Converting local cooperative economics to (neo)colonial economic consumption
Privatizing, exploiting, destroying land and ecology
Legislating coloniality to make it “legal” and institutionalized