EU Institutions
This is the only directly elected institution of the EU.
The European Parliament
Most EU laws are adopted through this decision-making process involving the European Parliament and the Council.
the Ordinary Legislative Procedure
This treaty created the European Union and introduced the euro.
the Maastricht Treaty
The digital euro is being developed by this EU institution.
The European Central Bank
In 2024, Hungary held the Presidency of this EU institution.
the Council of the European Union
This institution is responsible for proposing new EU laws.
The European Commission
The European Council is made up of these key figures.
the heads of state or government of the member states, the President of the European Council, and the President of the European Commission
This treaty reformed EU institutions and increased the role of the European Parliament.
Treaty of Lisbon
The digital euro is intended to serve as an alternative to commercial bank deposits and these private-sector digital payment solutions.
PayPal, Apple Pay, and cryptocurrencies
The Presidency of the Council rotates every this many months.
Six
This institution represents the governments of EU member states and is composed of ministers from each country.
The Council of the European Union
This is the voting system used in the Council of the EU for most decisions, requiring 55% of member states representing at least 65% of the EU population.
Qualified Majority Voting
This treaty failed to be ratified after being rejected in referendums in France and the Netherlands in 2005
the European Constitution
What is the main advantage of the digital euro compared to cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin?
The digital euro is state-backed by the European Central Bank (ECB), ensuring stability and legal protection, whereas cryptocurrencies are decentralized and subject to high volatility.
Hungary is part of this trio presidency together with these two countries.
Spain and Belgium
This institution ensures EU law is interpreted and applied consistently across all member states.
The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)
Name one key policy area where decisions are still taken by unanimity rather than QMV.
foreign policy, tax policy, or EU membership
Which two treaties currently serve as the constitutional basis of the EU?
the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Which EU institution is leading the investigation and potential development of the digital euro?
The European Central Bank (ECB) is responsible for researching and developing the digital euro, in collaboration with the European Commission.
Hungary wished to prioritize competitiveness and demographic challenges. What specific policies might this include?
Policies may focus on boosting EU industry competitiveness, tackling labor shortages, promoting family-friendly policies, and addressing migration-related demographic shifts.
This lesser-known EU institution is responsible for auditing the EU's finances and ensuring budget accountability.
The European Court of Auditors
What is a blocking minority and where can we use it?
At least four member states, Representing more than 35% of the EU population in the Council of the EU.
Which EU treaty introduced the concept of enhanced cooperation, allowing a group of member states to proceed with integration even if others do not wish to participate?
The Treaty of Amsterdam
Name one potential challenge or controversy surrounding the introduction of the digital euro.
privacy concerns, risks of bank disintermediation, cybersecurity threats, or public acceptance
Hungary set priorities in security and defense policy. What initiatives did Hungary try to promote to strengthen the EU’s defense capabilities?
enhancing EU-NATO cooperation, expanding the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) projects, increasing defense funding, promoting border security measures