Q1
What down fall of rome involved disruption of trade and what became scarse?
The germantic invaders via sea and land, which caused the disruption of trade and money becacause the trade collapes and money became useless
Who was Clovis and why was his rule important?
Clovis was the first king to unite the Frankish tribes. His rule marked the beginning of a strong Frankish kingdom in Western Europe.
Who was Charlemagne and why is he called “Charles the Great”?
Why was Charlemagne’s coronation by Pope Leo III significant?
He was a powerful Carolingian king who expanded the empire and promoted learning and Christianity.
It symbolized the alliance between Church and state and the revival of the Roman Empire in the West.
What is feudalism and why did it emerge?
A system where lords granted land (fiefs) to vassals in exchange for military service; it emerged due to weak central government.
Why is the term “Dark Ages” misleading?
Because learning and culture continued, especially in monasteries
As more frequent invasions occurred more and more people had abandoned the _____ and went to rural areas, this causes what? ANSWER BLANK AND QUESTION.
cites, and the abandement causes cites to collapes and made it no longer the adminstrative center.
What was the significance of Clovis converting to Christianity?
His conversion gained the support of the Church and the Roman population, strengthening his political power.
How did the coronation show the relationship between Church and state?
In what ways did Charlemagne bring stability?
It showed the Pope had authority to crown emperors, giving him influence over rulers.
He created a strong government, spread Christianity, and maintained order through loyal officials.
What is a fief?
Land granted by a lord to a vassal.
Who was Boethius?
Who was Cassiodorus?
A scholar who translated Greek works into Latin
He promoted education and helped develop the seven liberal arts.
When more and more people left this area the former citizens moved to different places. The population shifts to the country, and becomes what?
Agrian and got land which equals land and land equals power
How did Clovis’s alliance with the Church increase Frankish power?
The Church supported his military campaigns and legitimized his rule.
How did Charlemagne contribute to the spread of Christianity?
What was the Carolingian Renaissance?
He conquered lands and required conversion, and built churches and monasteries.
A revival of learning, culture, and classical knowledge during Charlemagne’s reign.
What is vassalage?
A mutual obligation between lord and vassal involving loyalty and service.
What role did the Church play in politics and education?
It influenced rulers, preserved knowledge, and ran schools.
Due to the Germanic invaders, the centralized gov’t was unfinished. There was no centralized leadership. This led to a power vacuum, which also led to the church, the king and the nobility fighting to fill in the power. But in the end, who filled the vacum? A pope, B the king, C the nobility or D the surfs
Answer is A the power filled in the power imediantly after the church, the king, and the nobiltiy was fighting to fill in the power
What does the image of Clovis holding a church, sword, and crown symbolize?
The church = religious power, the sword = political power, and the crown = king.
How did monasteries support learning?
They copied and preserved ancient texts and served as centers of education.
What problems did subinfeudation create?
Vassals could have multiple lords, leading to conflicts of loyalty.
How did Christianity unify Europe?
It provided shared beliefs, practices, and institutions.
When learning declined, who can not read or write? and what languages was made to accomplish this
The germantic invaders and romance langauges
What happened to Clovis’s kingdom after his death?
Who was Charles Martel and why was he called “The Hammer”?
Splint between his 3 sonns who apointed major domos
He was a powerful leader who ruled as mayor of the palace and earned his nickname for his military victories.
Why did Charlemagne’s empire fall apart after his death?
What was the Treaty of Verdun?
It relied on personal loyalty; without him, unity collapsed.
It divided the empire into three parts, leading to modern France and Germany.
Why did kings have limited power?
What is manorialism?
What is a serf?
How did peasants pay rent and taxes?
THIS WAS CAMS THING HE SAID 4 SO YOU GET 4
Power was held by local lords who controlled land and armies.
The economic system supporting feudalism, based on agriculture and self-sufficient estates.
A peasant tied to the land who worked for the lord in exchange for protection.
Through labor, crops, money, and fees (like tithes to the Church).
How did monasteries preserve knowledge?
Monks copied and saved classical Latin texts.