Physical Geography
What is the definition of Fjord?
A long steep sided glacial valley now filled with seawater
What is industrial Revolution?
In the beginning of the 1700s, the rapid, major change in the economy with the introduction of power-driven machinery. It transformed manufacturing in Europe with the change of human labor to machines. Great Britain became the epicenter of the Industrial Revolution because it had the labor, capital technology, natural resources, and access to waterways for transporting goods. It eventually spread to Belgium, France, Germany, and ultimately the United States.
What is Tungsten?
An extremely rare, heavy-metal element that is essential in the high-tech industry. Northern Spain, along the Pyrenees and the Atlantic Ocean, is rich in tungsten. Spain has many mining operations in search of this element.
What is Communism ?
A political and economic system in which the government controls the economy and owns most property. In Eastern Europe during the Cold War, communist governments also restricted political opposition and limited individual freedoms.
What is Balkanization?
The process by which a region breaks apart into smaller, often hostile units, usually along ethnic or religious lines. The term comes from the repeated fragmentation of countries in the Balkan Peninsula
What is the definition of glaciation?
A process by which glaciers form and spread
What is Guest Workers?
Immigrants who came to western European countries, especially west Germany after World war ll to help rebuild and fill labor shortage. Many stayed permanently and changed the cultural makeup of those countries
What is the mediterranean climate?
Hot, dry summers, and mild. wet winters.
What is the containment?
The primary geopolitical policy pursued by the United States during the Cold War to prevent the spread of communism
What is Yugoslavia?
A communist country in southeastern Europe that held together several different ethnic and religious groups after World War II. When communism collapsed in the early 1990s, the country broke apart violently into multiple smaller nations, including Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia.
What is an avalanche?
A large massive ice, snow and rock that slide down a mountain side, a serious natural hazard in the Alps
What is the welfare state?
A system in which the government provides services to meet people’s basic needs, including healthcare, education, housing assistance, and retirement basis. Scandinavian countries like Sweden, Norway, and Denmark are well known examples.
Name 3 Major rivers in Southern Europe
Po,Ebro, and Tiber
What is the Cold war?
A period of tension and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union that lasted from roughly 1947 to 1991. The two sides never fought each other directly but competed for global influence through politics, economics, and military alliances.
What is the Shatter belt region?
A region where political alliances are constantly splintering and fracturing based on ethnicity. Known as Eastern Europe. Shatter belt regions are more likely to engage in interstate wars and undergo internal conflicts such as civil wars.
What is foehn?
A dry wind that blows from the leeward sides of mountains, sometimes melting, snow, and causing avalanches.
What is ecotourism?
A form of tourism that is designed to protect the environment and support local communities. It focuses on natural areas and encourages responsible travel rather than large scale resort development.
What are the Pyrenees?
they are a major mountain region in Europe, forming a natural border between France and Spain, and encompassing the principality of Andorra
What is the Iron Curtain?
A term used to describe the division between communist Eastern Europe and democratic Western Europe during the Cold War. Countries east of this line were under Soviet influence and had restricted political and economic freedoms.
What is Nationalism?
A strong sense of loyalty and devotion to ones nation or ethnic group. Nationalism has driven independence movements and shaped the formation of modern countries, but it has also been a cause of war and ethic conflict, including World War l and the breakup of Yugoslavia.
What is loess?
A fine yellowish, brownish topsoil made of particles of silt and clay, carried and deposited by the wind
How did the industrial revolution affect cities?
Factory jobs attracted people to cities, leading to urbanization
Why are the rivers such as Po, Ebro, and Tiber important to southern Europe?
They provide water for farming, transportation, and settlements
What is the Berlin Wall?
It was a concrete and heavily guarded barrier built by east Germany that encircled West Berlin
how did nationalism contribute to the breakup of Yugoslavia?
The nationalist group wanted independence, causing Yugoslavia to split up into several countries