What is the difference between polytheism and monotheism?
Belief in many gods v belief in one god
100
Greek city-states were centered around the ________
polis
100
What does the verb "hellenize" mean?
to make Greek ; to spread Greek ideas to
100
Who were Romulus and Remus?
Twins that were raised by wolves. Romulus killed Remus and became the first king of Rome.
100
Name the first three Roman emperors, in order
Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula
200
A Mesopotamian demigod who seeks immortality only to find it is reserved for the Gods.
Gilgamesh
200
Greek military strategy was built around the use of the __________ ___________
hoplite phalanx
200
Father of Alexander who was first king of Macedonia
Philip II
200
How was a Roman dictator different from a modern dictator?
Roman dictators only ruled with absolute power for a short amount of time ; modern dictators rule until they die or are overthrown
200
What was the significance of the title "princeps"
It means "first citizen" and was a way for Augustus to show he was not above the senate or the people
300
What does Hammurabi's Code reveal about Mesopotamian notions of justice?
1) An eye for an eye (among those of equal status)
2) But not all are equal under the laws . . . punishments are less for crimes committed against those of lower status
300
Compare the status of women in Athens to that of Sparta
Athens --> Women had little freedom; could not be out without male guardian; could not own property
Sparta --> Women had more freedom; were expected to be physically fit to have and raise healthy boys; could own property
300
What was the basic belief of Stoicism, the most popular philosophical school of the Hellenistic age?
That people should strive to live in harmony with divine reason ; virtue is based on knowledge ; accept life as it comes to you
300
Why did Plebeians demand the publication of the twelve tables?
So they could have knowledge of Roman law, which the patricians had tried to keep from them
300
What new Gods were invented for the people to worship as part of the imperial cult?
Augustus and Roma
400
What was the Assyrian empire best known for?
Use of siege warfare / terror tactics
400
Why did Sparta become a military oligarchy?
To avoid revolt by the helots
400
Who was Bucephalus?
Alexander's horse
400
What was paterfamilias - What does the term mean? What authority did the paterfamilias have? Why did the paterfamilias have this authority?
Male head of household. Had absolute authority over wife and children. Authority was thought to replicate the authority of the state.
400
What was the main building material of the Roman empire?
concrete
500
What was the covenant between the Hebrews and Yahweh?
Hebrews will have no other Gods before Yahweh and will follow the 10 commandments . . . in return they will be God's chosen people
500
How was Athenian democracy different from American democracy?
Athenian democracy was a direct democracy of all adult male citizens ; US is a representative democracy of all adults 18+
500
What was significant about the battle of Gaugemela?
Alexander finally defeated the hated Persians
500
What ominous precedent was set by Marius?
The idea of a personal army, loyal to the general and not the republic
500
Why might those in the rural areas around Rome resent the idea of Bread and Circuses?
They were the ones who grew the grain that was brought to the city to provide for the people there