Science
What are 4 branches of science that were improved during the Scientific Revolution?
Astronomy, physics, optics, chemistry
Name three main philosophers of the enlightenment.
John Locke, Isaac Newton, and Voltaire.
Who was Galileo Galilei?
An Italian Scientist who made key advances in astronomy
Who was Martin Luther in the early 1500’s?
A religious scholar who critiqued the church
How long was the renaissance art period?
1463-1610 according to French historians
When did the scientific revolution take place?
The 16th and 17th centuries
Who was Mary Wollstonecroft?
She was an advocate for womens education.
Who formulated the laws of conservation of momentum and kinetic energy?
Christiaan Huygens
What was the Ninety-five theses document?
A famous document that Martin Luther wrote criticizing the Pope and the church
Until the renaissance, what was forbidden for artists to work on?
Human anatomy
What was the heliocentric theory?
The theory that the planets revolve around the Sun
Who was the Baron de Montesqieu?
An influential French writer during the enlightenment.
Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?
A famous astronomer who was the first to create a comprehensive heliocentric theory
What language would people have to learn that would enable them to read and write?
Latin
What were some key elements that Middle Age paintings usually consisted of?
Little or no emotion, 2-dimensional flat, generally focused on religious subjects, monochrome background, little to no movement (any of these answers would be acceptable)
When and where did optics originate?
Greece, 300 bce
What were the two sides of the enlightenment?
The monarchy and people loyal to them, and the philosophers and their supporters.
Whose work did Johannes Kepler’s take after?
Roger Bacon, Robert Grosseteste, John Pecham + Ibh al-Haytham
In the 1500’s how did a person obtain salvation?
By following the Church Law and the local priest
What were some key elements that renaissance paintings usually consisted of?
Living, three-dimensional characters, naked or clothed balanced and symmetrical, perspective (any acceptable answers)
How did the church cause conflict with the new scientific theories?
They attacked the theories, due to the fact that they were worried these new theories would weaken people's faith
What were the Philosophers 5 concepts that formed their beliefs?
Reason, Nature, Happiness, Progress, and Liberty.
What did Paracelsus do that was important for the history of chemistry?
He combined the Aristotelian theory of matter, alchemical correspondences, mystical forms of knowledge, and chemical therapy in medicine
Why where Martin Luther’s timing and statements so impactful to the 1500’s reformation?
They stirred up controversy about the church and its teachings, spreading doubt about some of the religious beliefs and leaders.
What is renaissance characterised by?
Scientific reading of fundamental texts, the honoring of ancient cultures, the renewal of trade, changes in representation of the world, questioning of the church, explorations of other continents.