Explorers
Who sailed across the Atlantic in 1492, reaching the Americas?
Columbus
Name one of the “3 G’s” that motivated European expansion.
God, Glory, Gold
What empire did Francisco Pizarro conquer?
Inca Empire
What happened to Indigenous populations after European contact?
Sharp decline due to disease and conquest)
Which explorer was the first to sail around the Cape of Good Hope to India?
Why was finding a sea route to Asia so important?
To bypass Ottoman control & get spices cheaper)
Which system forced Indigenous people to work for Spanish landowners?
Encomienda
Which ocean became the main route of global trade during European expansion?
Atlantic Ocean
Who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe?
Magellan
Why did European nations want colonies?
Resources, markets, and power
What was the main Spanish colonial class at the top of society?
Peninsulares
How did African societies change due to the Atlantic slave trade?
Population loss, disruption of societies, new goods introduced)
Which conquistador defeated the Aztec Empire?
Cortes
Explain how mercantilism fueled exploration.
Colonies supplied raw goods; mother country gained wealth and power
Name one cash crop that drove plantation economies.
Sugar, Tobacco, Cotton
hich global economic system emerged because of colonization and trade?
The beginnings of a world economy
This conquistador conquered the Incas
Pizzaro
This allowed for wider exploration
Technology like astrolabes and boats
Which European nation founded colonies in Brazil?
Portugal
What is one way Native people resisted Spanish control?
maintaining their own traditions and culture