Absolutism
What was the name of the building that Louis the 14th lived in?
Palace of Versailles
Napoleon
Japan MODERNIZED and INDUSTRIALIZED
Meiji Restoration
Why was the Balkan region the powder keg for the war?
It was oppressed by the Austrians and the Balkan region with the rise of Nationalism wanted to be independent.
Many Americans post WWI wanted what?
Describe the appeasement and who was involved and the purpose and goal of it?
The Munich Agreement - GB, France and Germany - wanted to appease Hitler in hopes that he would stop advancing throughout Europe
Why couldn't Austria and Prussia centralize?
Too small/too diverse - wasn't able to centralize powers and focused on military.
Why did historians call it the Enlightenment?
Because it was a time period where reason and individualism was accepted as a way of thinking and acting.
Led the Reign of Terror, a period of mass executions and political repression. Ruthlessly Radical & Increases freedom of the press!
Robespierre
A conflict between China and Britain in the mid-19th century over the opium trade.
The Opium War
The peace terms signed by Germany that were dictated by the Big Four (Wilson, Clemenceau, George, and Orlando) that sought to harshly punish Germany for the events of WWI.
Treaty of Versailles
The name given to the alliance of USA, GB, and the USSR is called...?
The Allied Powers
What was the significance of D-Day and which General led it?
Eisenhower. Stormed the beaches at Normandy, France. Largest amphibious (land & sea) assault in history
Greatly strengthens the Allies. The turning point of World War II.
What were some accomplishments of Peter the Great?
Westernized Russia
Introduced schools of science and math to St. Petersburg
A philospher that promoted the belief that people had the right to life, liberty and property.
John Locke
Which naval battle took place in 1805 off the coast of Spain. The British fleet, led by Admiral Horatio Nelson (seen as "unbeatable"), defeated the combined French and Spanish fleets, ensuring British naval supremacy?
Battle of Trafalgar
What was the Berlin Conference and the significance?
- Known as the "Scramble for Africa"
- NO AFRICAN RULER was invited!
The German Kaiser that was responsible for the German military and removed from power at the end of WWI.
Wilhelm II
What was the meaning of Lebensraum and who used this word?
German word Hitler used to mean “living space” is
What was the significance of Blitzkerg?
A military strategy characterized by quick and overwhelming force, used by the Germans during World War II; Aka "Lightening War". Blitzkrieg tactics involved the rapid movement of troops
What was the Divine Right of Kings?
That kings are appointed by God and no one should question their authority.
What did Thomas Hobbes believe?
- Believed Natural State of ppl = War (BAD, evil)
- Supported absolute monarchy (a little bit of a limit, but you still need a King)
- Said people could not be trusted
- Writes the book "Leviathan"
Who founded the Jacobins and what were the two things that they wanted/goals?
Robespierre
1. Wanted a Republic = NO KING
2. Wanted NA to declare war on Austria (who supported monarchy)
What was the Monroe Doctrine
A U.S. policy announced in 1823 that warned European powers not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.
A new militant political movement that emphasized loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader was?
Fascism
What was the Battle of the Bulge and it's significance?
The last major German offensive attack in the Ardennes forest during World War II.
Germany used up all their resources and fought in the cold winter.
The first Absolute Monarch to be beheaded and what country was he ruling at the time?
Charles I of England
What is Geocentric and What is Heliocentric?
Why was this change significant?
Helio: Sun is in the center
Geo: Earth is in the center
Switching to Heliocentric meant that the church and their texts were being challenged.
What is the Congress of Vienna?
1. Prevent future French aggression (believed if war were to start, it would be France's fault)
2. Balance of Power - so no country could be a threat to another
3. Restore Europe's former royal families to the throne (to replace Napoleon's relatives)
What was the Spanish-American War?
A conflict between the U.S. and Spain in 1898. The war resulted in the U.S. gaining control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, marking the emergence of the U.S. as a global power.
What was the four main reasons/causes of WWI?
- Militarism = glorifying (developing) military power and keeping an army prepared for war
- Alliances = an agreement between two or more countries to give each other help
- Imperialism = idea of economic and political dominion from competition over weaker nations
- Nationalism = EXTREME pride in one's country
What was the dust bowl?
A terrible drought that contributed for farmers to lose income because their crops had been dried up for harvest
How did the failure of democracy lead to the rise of militaristic nations?
Rise of propaganda, nationalism, authoritarian leaders, the Great Depression or economic failures.