Primary vs. Secondary Sources
What type of source is an eyewitness report of an event?
Primary source
What does the “C” in CARRP stand for?
Currency (How recent the information is
What is a mistake made by using outdated sources?
The information might be outdated or irrelevant
How can unclear or ambiguous instructions affect the reliability of a study?
They can lead to inconsistent responses, reducing the reliability of the results
Is a biography a primary or secondary source?
Secondary source
Which aspect of CARRP focuses on objectivity and lack of bias?
Purpose/Point of View (Evaluates bias and objectivity)
What happens if a researcher only uses sources that confirm their opinion?
Bias confirmation (Only choosing sources that align with personal beliefs)
How does random sampling improve the validity of research?
It reduces sampling bias, making the findings more generalizable
What kind of source is a government report published during a crisis
Primary source (since it provides first-hand data at the time of the event
Name one way to determine the authority of an author
Author’s credentials or affiliation (such as degrees or professional expertise)
Why is misinterpreting data dangerous in research?
It can lead to flawed conclusions or wrong decisions
What is the difference between reliability and validity in research?
Reliability measures consistency, while validity ensures the research measures what it’s supposed to.