Science
Science relies on this kind of information, which is acquired by observation or experimentation that is recorded and analyzed.
What is empirical information or data?
This process increases genetic diversity by exchanging pieces of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
What is a recombination?
This term refers to small groups of individuals founding new populations with reduced genetic diversity compared to the original population.
What is a founder's event?
These traits, such as height or skin color, involve the contributions of variation in multiple genes.
What is a polygenic (or complex) trait?
These are variations in a single nucleotide base that occur at specific positions in the genome
What are single nucleotide polymorphisms?
This is a fundamental change in accepted understanding of scientific evidence in a discipline.
What is a paradigm shift?
This type of substitution in DNA does not alter the amino acid sequence of a protein.
What is a synonymous or silent substitution?
This process is thought to have caused a sharp decrease in the size of the total population of human ancestors on Earth a little under 1 million years ago.
This term refers to a single genetic polymorphism influencing multiple phenotypic traits.
What is pleiotropy?
The human species exhibits the highest genetic diversity on this continent.
What is Africa?
These are practices that purport to be scientific and often draw on observation and data but nevertheless do not align with how the scientific method works
What is pseudoscience?
This type of allele is unique to a particular population or region.
What is a private allele?
The land bridge connecting Siberia to Alaska during the last Ice Age, enabling human migration into the Americas.
What is Beringia?
This term refers to the underlying genetic basis of a phenotypic trait, including the number, frequency, and effect sizes of genetic variants.
What is genetic architecture?
These are contiguous stretches of DNA that are inherited together from a single parent.
What are haplotypes?
This refers to the belief that what is natural is inherently good or right.
What is the naturalistic fallacy?
This index measures the degree of genetic differentiation between populations, ranging from 0 to 1
What is the fixation index (Fst)?
The domestication of plants and animals approximately 10,000 years ago during this period fundamentally changed human societies.
What is the Neolithic Revolution?
This term is used to describe the proportion of phenotypic variance in a population explained by genetic variance.
What is heritability?
This historical event results in the re-establishment of massive gene flow between humans in the Americas and the rest of the globe?
What was the Columbian Exchange?
This is a an explanation for a phenomenon that focuses on how it evolved.
What is an ultimate cause or ultimate explanation?
This type of genetic variation describes geographic variation in allele frequencies.
What is genetic structure?
This group spread its language and alleles across sub-Saharan Africa 3-4,000 years ago.
Who are the Bantu-speaking people?
This is the mistaken conclusion that because a phenotype tends to run in families, it is genetically inherited.
What is the familial fallacy?
This is the predominant pattern of genetic structure where geographically closer populations have more similar allele frequencies.
What is isolation-by-distance?